Saturday, August 6, 2011
Vehicle maintenance description
Vehicle maintenance description Vehicle maintenance is to adapt to social development, as China's social development, the number of cars increases, the lack of vehicle maintenance personnel, need a group of professional, high quality service personnel. Automotive Maintenance Technology Training objectives: to develop moral, intellectual and physical development, to adapt to social and economic development needs, with good professional ethics, to understand the principles and structure of the automotive engine components, a certain amount of electrical and electronic theory and the skills and knowledge, automotive electronic control technology and traffic regulations, car fault diagnosis, testing, maintenance and other theories and skills and knowledge, has a certain public communication skills and business development capabilities of mid-level technical personnel. Employment orientation: appropriate in the vehicle inspection and maintenance, car insurance, car driving, car sales, but also engaged in business with the automotive industry and management. Research skills: electrical installation and maintenance of operating permits, operating permits welder, automotive service technician class license (permit intermediate maintenance division, maintenance division senior certificates), gas-liquid technology, electronically controlled operation certificate, the National Public English Certificate, National Computer Rank card, etc. . Main courses: electrical electronic technology and skills, fitter skills, construction and automotive engine repair, automatic transmission works and maintenance, chassis construction and maintenance, and repair automotive electrical equipment, electronic control and engine repair, automotive air conditioning theory and maintenance . Edit this paragraph common mistakes car maintenance methods 1> Remove the engine thermostat blind due to engine temperature is high and if the blind removal of the thermostat, coolant can be a cycle, can not adjust the cooling intensity, it is difficult to ensure that the engine temperature in a more appropriate work, but often in the engine work under low temperature, resulting in decreased engine power, accelerating wear and tear, increased fuel consumption. If the engine thermostat failure repair or replacement, the engine temperature is higher, it should repair other parts of the cooling system can not remove the thermostat. 2> high engine temperature are afraid that some people are not afraid of driving with low engine temperature low fear high fear. In fact, the engine temperature is low is also a great danger. Should be used according to instructions provided for the normal car driving temperature, in order to ensure the engine's life. 3> the better the pump fan belt tightening belt tightening is not possible. Not only will it stretch the belt too tight or broken, shorten the life of the belt, but also because of excessive tension, causing the generator shaft, pump shaft and bearing deformation of bending the early damage. Automotive engine fan belt tightness should meet the technical requirements, the normal deflection of the belt assembly 10-15mm is appropriate. 4> use the engine idle speed with idle heating temperature, due to low speed, machine lubricating oil pump can not quickly be pressed into the surface of the lubrication, oil is also low, the engine friction of moving parts in the dry or semi-state friction work; poor fuel atomization due to low temperature, so that unburned fuel (mixture) into the crankcase, washed away the oil film on the cylinder wall, will accelerate the mechanical wear and tear. So, after a few seconds the engine starts, the application of fast idle temperature (in modern cars are fast idle on a dedicated device, machine temperature rise, it will automatically adjust to the idle state), to improve engine lubrication. 5> roasted with a blowtorch blowtorch baked with oil at the end of the oil at the end of winter, not only will the oil additive in the chemical changes, loss of the original performance, but also the oil cement, oil at the end of deformation, can cause fire. The best approach is based on local selection of winter minimum temperature compatible oil. In localities where conditions permit, it is best insulation to vehicles parked in a garage facility. The removal method is more advanced ultrasonic spray method and the removal of nuclear clearance method, but used the most, the easiest way is to remove the physical removal and chemical methods. These two methods can be used along.
Toyota Camry engine ignition failure
Toyota Camry engine ignition failure
Symptom: a Toyota Camry sedan engine has ignition signs, but not up and running.
Diagnosis: As the electric engine control system is relatively complex and relatively high reliability, we have the spirit of the principles of the easier issues first checks.
First, check whether the normal high-voltage arcing. Unplug the flash high-voltage single-cylinder test, found that spark intense, bright, that the ignition system to normal.
Then check the intake channel is open. Remove the air filter and found that more dust the top with a net after-loading high-pressure air blowing on, start the engine, the fault remains.
Then check the oil. Oil pressure gauge connected to the fuel pipe on the road, start the engine, measured the fuel pressure is only 10kMPa (normal is between 230 ~ 250kPa). Check the pipe does not leak the office, turn the ignition switch can hear the sound of electric fuel pump operation; so that may be due to blocked fuel filter or tubing, resulting in hydraulic systems can not be established. Then replace the fuel filter, clean lines and high pressure air blowing, but after loading start vain. Then oil is then measured 110kPa, concluded that electric fuel pump damage, the pressure can not be established. Remove the fuel pump from the fuel tank, fuel pump out the oil carefully observed cracks in the mouth, estimated fuel leaking from here, back to the tank, then determined by the test case, the replacement of a new fuel pump, troubleshooting.
Conclusion: EFI engine electronic control system works relatively high reliability, such as the computer running over 150,000 km in it may be faulty, so the experience-based EFI engine failure should do first check, the easier to find fault. According to experience, EFI engine failure occurred in the oil on the road, because the fuel injection system and high precision, high quality requirements for fuel, so the failure of most of the oil on the road with oil, such as the common fault "electric fuel pump supply shortage." and "bad injector fuel injection" are related to fuel quality related. Of course, this case is rather special, ask the driver to know by then, the chassis had been scratched stones, may run into fuel pump, causing damage, the long-running, gradually so severe that the engine can not start.
Symptom: a Toyota Camry sedan engine has ignition signs, but not up and running.
Diagnosis: As the electric engine control system is relatively complex and relatively high reliability, we have the spirit of the principles of the easier issues first checks.
First, check whether the normal high-voltage arcing. Unplug the flash high-voltage single-cylinder test, found that spark intense, bright, that the ignition system to normal.
Then check the intake channel is open. Remove the air filter and found that more dust the top with a net after-loading high-pressure air blowing on, start the engine, the fault remains.
Then check the oil. Oil pressure gauge connected to the fuel pipe on the road, start the engine, measured the fuel pressure is only 10kMPa (normal is between 230 ~ 250kPa). Check the pipe does not leak the office, turn the ignition switch can hear the sound of electric fuel pump operation; so that may be due to blocked fuel filter or tubing, resulting in hydraulic systems can not be established. Then replace the fuel filter, clean lines and high pressure air blowing, but after loading start vain. Then oil is then measured 110kPa, concluded that electric fuel pump damage, the pressure can not be established. Remove the fuel pump from the fuel tank, fuel pump out the oil carefully observed cracks in the mouth, estimated fuel leaking from here, back to the tank, then determined by the test case, the replacement of a new fuel pump, troubleshooting.
Conclusion: EFI engine electronic control system works relatively high reliability, such as the computer running over 150,000 km in it may be faulty, so the experience-based EFI engine failure should do first check, the easier to find fault. According to experience, EFI engine failure occurred in the oil on the road, because the fuel injection system and high precision, high quality requirements for fuel, so the failure of most of the oil on the road with oil, such as the common fault "electric fuel pump supply shortage." and "bad injector fuel injection" are related to fuel quality related. Of course, this case is rather special, ask the driver to know by then, the chassis had been scratched stones, may run into fuel pump, causing damage, the long-running, gradually so severe that the engine can not start.
Six common fault auto repair
Six common fault auto repair 1, auto fuel gauge are not allowed
I bought the car for some time, now has a small problem, though not affect the use, but also made me very convenient. The problem lies in my fuel gauge, it's absolute accuracy is doubtful. The first 1 / 2, the pointer down very slowly, but after a half later, I feel like the engine oil is generally in the drink, brush pointer fall down. Every time I would arrive at the pointer when the last white line to the fuel, but oil is sometimes added to 100, and rose to the position of the pointer is not the same. Even once to fill the oil, the pointer can not reach the peak, how is this going?
Treatment advice: on the fuel gauge pointer is not the same rate of decline in the rate of this phenomenon, there may be design problems, some models of the fuel gauge itself is not a linear manner in accordance with the design, the first half slow and half fast after this a phenomenon should be relatively normal. Fuel gauge pointer is unstable and may form the oil level sensor oil problem. If confirmed to fill the oil after, not the table pointer does not reach the peak, should monitor the fuel gauge problem. These problems to the repair shop maintenance click on it.
2, auto power windows automatically drop suddenly
My car is in the high-end models, four electric windows are standard equipment, have been extremely easy to use, especially the main driving down the side of a key design, eliminating some of the fees through the site, to always press live controls trouble than I had that car electric windows and doors better. But things have advanced a variety of problems, now my main drive side power window whenever rise to the top, it will automatically drop a sudden, confused every time I close the window of time, but also carefully control it, the easy way into trouble, the control system will not be a problem with it?
Treatment advice: General limousine in the design of power windows will be installed on a pinch function, you avoid the unexpected operation resulting in personal injury. The vehicle's use, if the door is lined with some objects inside the top box, to rise to this part of the window when the sensor will start anti-pinch function, so the windows down. In addition, sometimes at high speed the process, because the glass will cause the voltage smoothly along the track can not be increased, can lead to anti-pinch function of the feature is activated. In this case, the best to the service station about special adjustment, check for foreign objects impact windows down, and make adjustments.
3, car headlights Mifengbuyan
Some time ago the climate variability often heavy rain phenomenon, my car also be ups and downs, finally, God forbid, my car had a crisis again and again, did not become a victim of urban water under the overpass, which is also part of I credit the excellent standard of driving. Although the car did not sacrifice in the rain, but this stretch of water really brought me a lot of trouble. Just about finished the rain, the headlights of my car is a fine mist of water, you said that the mist in the shade which I can not rub ah! Think of the car when the fog now, you can use baking way to remove warm air, I do not know whether this also applies to the practice of baking in the headlights it?
Treatment advice: As the lights Mifengbuyan, cleaning, and when it rains water is likely to result, and when a larger temperature difference between inside and outside when the fog will form. This time it is best not to bake, the lights are generally polymer materials, if the baking temperature is too high, it may cause the lights in softening the appearance of deformation, affect the use and appearance. In addition, the current lights are generally monolithic, transparent shade, the lamp will be stuck with a body to protect the back, between the two high-temperature baking may result in bonding resin melt, increasing the car the possibility of light water. In general, the lights in the water in the sunlight during the day can quickly evaporate away, if your lights frequent water phenomenon, you should check the lights to the service station body to see is not due to collisions lights damaged, resulting in frequent water.
I bought the car for some time, now has a small problem, though not affect the use, but also made me very convenient. The problem lies in my fuel gauge, it's absolute accuracy is doubtful. The first 1 / 2, the pointer down very slowly, but after a half later, I feel like the engine oil is generally in the drink, brush pointer fall down. Every time I would arrive at the pointer when the last white line to the fuel, but oil is sometimes added to 100, and rose to the position of the pointer is not the same. Even once to fill the oil, the pointer can not reach the peak, how is this going?
Treatment advice: on the fuel gauge pointer is not the same rate of decline in the rate of this phenomenon, there may be design problems, some models of the fuel gauge itself is not a linear manner in accordance with the design, the first half slow and half fast after this a phenomenon should be relatively normal. Fuel gauge pointer is unstable and may form the oil level sensor oil problem. If confirmed to fill the oil after, not the table pointer does not reach the peak, should monitor the fuel gauge problem. These problems to the repair shop maintenance click on it.
2, auto power windows automatically drop suddenly
My car is in the high-end models, four electric windows are standard equipment, have been extremely easy to use, especially the main driving down the side of a key design, eliminating some of the fees through the site, to always press live controls trouble than I had that car electric windows and doors better. But things have advanced a variety of problems, now my main drive side power window whenever rise to the top, it will automatically drop a sudden, confused every time I close the window of time, but also carefully control it, the easy way into trouble, the control system will not be a problem with it?
Treatment advice: General limousine in the design of power windows will be installed on a pinch function, you avoid the unexpected operation resulting in personal injury. The vehicle's use, if the door is lined with some objects inside the top box, to rise to this part of the window when the sensor will start anti-pinch function, so the windows down. In addition, sometimes at high speed the process, because the glass will cause the voltage smoothly along the track can not be increased, can lead to anti-pinch function of the feature is activated. In this case, the best to the service station about special adjustment, check for foreign objects impact windows down, and make adjustments.
3, car headlights Mifengbuyan
Some time ago the climate variability often heavy rain phenomenon, my car also be ups and downs, finally, God forbid, my car had a crisis again and again, did not become a victim of urban water under the overpass, which is also part of I credit the excellent standard of driving. Although the car did not sacrifice in the rain, but this stretch of water really brought me a lot of trouble. Just about finished the rain, the headlights of my car is a fine mist of water, you said that the mist in the shade which I can not rub ah! Think of the car when the fog now, you can use baking way to remove warm air, I do not know whether this also applies to the practice of baking in the headlights it?
Treatment advice: As the lights Mifengbuyan, cleaning, and when it rains water is likely to result, and when a larger temperature difference between inside and outside when the fog will form. This time it is best not to bake, the lights are generally polymer materials, if the baking temperature is too high, it may cause the lights in softening the appearance of deformation, affect the use and appearance. In addition, the current lights are generally monolithic, transparent shade, the lamp will be stuck with a body to protect the back, between the two high-temperature baking may result in bonding resin melt, increasing the car the possibility of light water. In general, the lights in the water in the sunlight during the day can quickly evaporate away, if your lights frequent water phenomenon, you should check the lights to the service station body to see is not due to collisions lights damaged, resulting in frequent water.
Shaking car were indicative of what
Shaking car were indicative of what Car use for some time, some owners may find some little body shake, but do not know what went wrong. "Body shake" is a signal that tells the owner the car has a problem. Professional teacher told us more than soldiers, the body shake may seem a trivial, if not pay attention to testing, will lead to a large hidden faults. So, the body shake is a problem caused it? Ordinary car owners how to determine and resolve?
Shake that body in motion
If the driving process, the body found in a slight jitter or offset, is generally caused by tire failure. First, the tire balance may be in poor condition, require the owner as soon as possible to do a wheel alignment and balancing, if the vehicle does not tire balancing to do some wandering.
Outside a situation is more serious, probably because the deformation caused by steel ring, which requires the owner to a professional repair shop check. This situation generally occurs in the vehicle body a longer life. General automotive replacement tires, new rims tires when they do a balance, otherwise the weight on the steering wheel is not likely to occur when the average jitter phenomenon. Body shake on driving comfort and control to determine the effect will be.
The third situation is unbalanced because the shaft deformation caused by the general situation in the chassis of the car had more impact.
Body shake when idle
Jitter is a lot of idle vehicle owners often face the situation. If the owners start the vehicle or the vehicle is not suspended off the engine, if found to significantly shake the body, it may mean that the vehicle the following three conditions exist:
1 Engine serious coke
Jitter caused by car is the most common cause of injector throttle too dirty or too much coke. When too much carbon deposits inside the engine when cold start injector head may be emitted carbon absorbs gasoline, resulting in cold start mixture too thin, making difficult to start, this situation, only the carbon absorbed by the gas until saturation, it is easy with the car, the car adsorbed on carbon will be on gasoline engine combustion cylinder vacuum suction aspiration, and the mixture thickens, when the engine's fuel mixture when the concentration of rare, resulting in cold start idle jitter. Lower the temperature, cold start the greater the amount of oil needed, the presence of carbon will affect the cold start of the more successful or not.
The solution: Clean oil, check the idle speed motor should be cleaned if there is carbon.
(2) ignition system problems
Check spark plugs, ignition coil high voltage wire and working conditions, the ignition system working poor, bad spark plug arcing condition can cause the same type of symptoms.
Solution: Check the spark plug is too much carbon, the replacement of spark plugs.
3. Hydraulic instability
If you have already cleaned up the engine carbon deposits, washed throttle, oil pads, and spark plugs replaced, are still found in the body shake when idle, we recommend that you check the fuel supply to the 4S shop inlet pressure and pressure sensors are normal, if the oil pump pressure is not normal or intake air pressure sensor values ??will cause errors and bad body work jitter.
Solution: Check the oil, if necessary, replacement parts.
4, engine components aging
Automotive engine feet with jitter (also known as machine paw pads) aging. Engine Mount is the engine suspension system, engine feet when the engine is running is responsible for absorbing the subtle jitter, if the engine foot problems, these vibrations will spread to the steering wheel, the cab, resulting in jitter when idle.
The solution: replacement parts
Shake that body in motion
If the driving process, the body found in a slight jitter or offset, is generally caused by tire failure. First, the tire balance may be in poor condition, require the owner as soon as possible to do a wheel alignment and balancing, if the vehicle does not tire balancing to do some wandering.
Outside a situation is more serious, probably because the deformation caused by steel ring, which requires the owner to a professional repair shop check. This situation generally occurs in the vehicle body a longer life. General automotive replacement tires, new rims tires when they do a balance, otherwise the weight on the steering wheel is not likely to occur when the average jitter phenomenon. Body shake on driving comfort and control to determine the effect will be.
The third situation is unbalanced because the shaft deformation caused by the general situation in the chassis of the car had more impact.
Body shake when idle
Jitter is a lot of idle vehicle owners often face the situation. If the owners start the vehicle or the vehicle is not suspended off the engine, if found to significantly shake the body, it may mean that the vehicle the following three conditions exist:
1 Engine serious coke
Jitter caused by car is the most common cause of injector throttle too dirty or too much coke. When too much carbon deposits inside the engine when cold start injector head may be emitted carbon absorbs gasoline, resulting in cold start mixture too thin, making difficult to start, this situation, only the carbon absorbed by the gas until saturation, it is easy with the car, the car adsorbed on carbon will be on gasoline engine combustion cylinder vacuum suction aspiration, and the mixture thickens, when the engine's fuel mixture when the concentration of rare, resulting in cold start idle jitter. Lower the temperature, cold start the greater the amount of oil needed, the presence of carbon will affect the cold start of the more successful or not.
The solution: Clean oil, check the idle speed motor should be cleaned if there is carbon.
(2) ignition system problems
Check spark plugs, ignition coil high voltage wire and working conditions, the ignition system working poor, bad spark plug arcing condition can cause the same type of symptoms.
Solution: Check the spark plug is too much carbon, the replacement of spark plugs.
3. Hydraulic instability
If you have already cleaned up the engine carbon deposits, washed throttle, oil pads, and spark plugs replaced, are still found in the body shake when idle, we recommend that you check the fuel supply to the 4S shop inlet pressure and pressure sensors are normal, if the oil pump pressure is not normal or intake air pressure sensor values ??will cause errors and bad body work jitter.
Solution: Check the oil, if necessary, replacement parts.
4, engine components aging
Automotive engine feet with jitter (also known as machine paw pads) aging. Engine Mount is the engine suspension system, engine feet when the engine is running is responsible for absorbing the subtle jitter, if the engine foot problems, these vibrations will spread to the steering wheel, the cab, resulting in jitter when idle.
The solution: replacement parts
Passat 1.8T can not start failure
Passat 1.8T can not start failure Model: Passat 1.8T Passat
; Mileage: 2025km
Symptom:
A 2007 production of Shanghai Volkswagen Passat 1.8T Passat automatic transmission car, engine and equipped with BGC 01V tiptronic 5 speed transmission, mileage 2025km. Rescue phone owners play reflected in the case of the red car in motion when the engine suddenly stop, can not start the car several times. Rescue workers rushed to the scene to conduct a preliminary examination, the ignition switch ON state, the dashboard lights and brake pedal in addition to EPC light is off, the other information shows no abnormalities. Try to start the engine, the engine can start, but after running for about 1s, then off. Try to start the fault persists, the overall feel of the phenomenon with a similar engine immobilizer, but K117 does not light or alarm light flashing, then dragged into the car repair station for further examination.
Failure Analysis:
Connect VAS5052 fault diagnostic apparatus, the engine control unit J220 query failure memory, display identification to a fault code :18056 - transmission data bus failure. And the fault code can not be cleared, non-accidental failure. Select the data block options, read out the engine control unit and power system data bus for communication between control units of other measurements, display group 125: Transmission 0, instrument cluster 0; 126 display group: airbag 0, indicating that J220 and transmission and airbag control units communicate all interrupt.
Passat 1.8T automatic car CAN data bus power system equipment on the engine control unit J220, automatic transmission control unit J217, instrument cluster control unit J285, ABS control unit J104 and airbag control unit J234, this time with necessary to enter the gateway using VAS5052 fault diagnostic control unit J533, with a view to check the gateway's CAN data bus power system communication status, to determine the engine control unit on the data bus can not communicate the nature of the fault that data to determine the cause of the malfunction bus has been disrupted, or local data bus link short-circuit or open circuit occurred.
Integrated into the gateway in the instrument control unit J533 check fault code :01314 - engine control unit is no communication, currently exist; 01315-- transmission control unit is no communication, occasional. Clear the fault code execution operation, 01,314 can not be deleted. Select the data block options, read the measurement value display group 125: Engine 0, transmission 1; 126 set to a measured value: the airbag 1. The examination shows that the gateway system in addition to the engine and power control unit other than the normal communication, nature of the fault belongs to the engine control unit and power system data bus between the local circuit.
1s from the engine can start running the analysis of phenomena, the engine control unit power supply should be no problem, VAS5052 access to the engine control unit can also prove that the normal power supply, which determine the J220 engine control unit can not communicate for two reasons: First, the engine control unit and data bus connected to external interrupt lines, and second, the engine control unit J220 in the CAN data bus transceiver circuit part of the damage occurred. Based on the above analysis, the next step just check the external power system CAN line data bus will be able to determine the cause of the fault condition.
Access to BGC engine circuit, find the side of the engine control unit wiring harness connector in the T121/58, T121/60, and combination meter control unit wiring harness side connector of the T32b/20, T32b/19, respectively, for the power system data bus CAN-L (orange / brown) and the CAN-H (orange / black) terminals. Disassemble the engine control unit connector and combination meter control unit of the green connector, measuring J220 and J285 connector harness side connector harness side corresponding to the terminals of continuity. Measurement results show that, J220's and J285's T32b/20 T121/58 terminal resistance between terminals as 0.2Ω, J220's and J285's T32b/19 T121/60 terminal resistance between terminals as 0.5Ω, indicating that J220 and J285 between The link does not disconnect the external data bus. According to the inspection concluded that, since the external data bus line is normal, cause of the malfunction can be identified as the engine control unit of the data bus transceiver is a problem.
Replacement of the engine control unit, the ignition switch to the ON position, instrument lights and brake pedal on the EPC light is on. Connect VAS5052 fault diagnostic re-enter the gateway J533, access to the data block group 125 shows the measured values, shown as: engine 1, transmission 1. This indicates that the engine control unit and data bus traffic returned to normal. Remove the control unit stores the fault code, read out with a password to read the car's instrument four security password, enter the leading options to complete the encoding of J220 and J220 and J285 match between the security of the throttle control unit J338 basic settings. Complete this series of operations, start the engine, the engine starts running smoothly, the road test to confirm the engine is working properly in all conditions, failure ruled out.
; Mileage: 2025km
Symptom:
A 2007 production of Shanghai Volkswagen Passat 1.8T Passat automatic transmission car, engine and equipped with BGC 01V tiptronic 5 speed transmission, mileage 2025km. Rescue phone owners play reflected in the case of the red car in motion when the engine suddenly stop, can not start the car several times. Rescue workers rushed to the scene to conduct a preliminary examination, the ignition switch ON state, the dashboard lights and brake pedal in addition to EPC light is off, the other information shows no abnormalities. Try to start the engine, the engine can start, but after running for about 1s, then off. Try to start the fault persists, the overall feel of the phenomenon with a similar engine immobilizer, but K117 does not light or alarm light flashing, then dragged into the car repair station for further examination.
Failure Analysis:
Connect VAS5052 fault diagnostic apparatus, the engine control unit J220 query failure memory, display identification to a fault code :18056 - transmission data bus failure. And the fault code can not be cleared, non-accidental failure. Select the data block options, read out the engine control unit and power system data bus for communication between control units of other measurements, display group 125: Transmission 0, instrument cluster 0; 126 display group: airbag 0, indicating that J220 and transmission and airbag control units communicate all interrupt.
Passat 1.8T automatic car CAN data bus power system equipment on the engine control unit J220, automatic transmission control unit J217, instrument cluster control unit J285, ABS control unit J104 and airbag control unit J234, this time with necessary to enter the gateway using VAS5052 fault diagnostic control unit J533, with a view to check the gateway's CAN data bus power system communication status, to determine the engine control unit on the data bus can not communicate the nature of the fault that data to determine the cause of the malfunction bus has been disrupted, or local data bus link short-circuit or open circuit occurred.
Integrated into the gateway in the instrument control unit J533 check fault code :01314 - engine control unit is no communication, currently exist; 01315-- transmission control unit is no communication, occasional. Clear the fault code execution operation, 01,314 can not be deleted. Select the data block options, read the measurement value display group 125: Engine 0, transmission 1; 126 set to a measured value: the airbag 1. The examination shows that the gateway system in addition to the engine and power control unit other than the normal communication, nature of the fault belongs to the engine control unit and power system data bus between the local circuit.
1s from the engine can start running the analysis of phenomena, the engine control unit power supply should be no problem, VAS5052 access to the engine control unit can also prove that the normal power supply, which determine the J220 engine control unit can not communicate for two reasons: First, the engine control unit and data bus connected to external interrupt lines, and second, the engine control unit J220 in the CAN data bus transceiver circuit part of the damage occurred. Based on the above analysis, the next step just check the external power system CAN line data bus will be able to determine the cause of the fault condition.
Access to BGC engine circuit, find the side of the engine control unit wiring harness connector in the T121/58, T121/60, and combination meter control unit wiring harness side connector of the T32b/20, T32b/19, respectively, for the power system data bus CAN-L (orange / brown) and the CAN-H (orange / black) terminals. Disassemble the engine control unit connector and combination meter control unit of the green connector, measuring J220 and J285 connector harness side connector harness side corresponding to the terminals of continuity. Measurement results show that, J220's and J285's T32b/20 T121/58 terminal resistance between terminals as 0.2Ω, J220's and J285's T32b/19 T121/60 terminal resistance between terminals as 0.5Ω, indicating that J220 and J285 between The link does not disconnect the external data bus. According to the inspection concluded that, since the external data bus line is normal, cause of the malfunction can be identified as the engine control unit of the data bus transceiver is a problem.
Replacement of the engine control unit, the ignition switch to the ON position, instrument lights and brake pedal on the EPC light is on. Connect VAS5052 fault diagnostic re-enter the gateway J533, access to the data block group 125 shows the measured values, shown as: engine 1, transmission 1. This indicates that the engine control unit and data bus traffic returned to normal. Remove the control unit stores the fault code, read out with a password to read the car's instrument four security password, enter the leading options to complete the encoding of J220 and J220 and J285 match between the security of the throttle control unit J338 basic settings. Complete this series of operations, start the engine, the engine starts running smoothly, the road test to confirm the engine is working properly in all conditions, failure ruled out.
Novice repair of several techniques
Novice repair of several techniques 1 trick: to know ourselves puzzled owners choose repair car repair workshops Which?
Mr. Liu, the owner of the car just after the warranty period there have been some unexpected small problems, which makes him very upset, what should be where to repair it? Shop cheap, big shops expensive. To save money it wanted to shop, but also worried that "no good cheap goods", to a large store it, and do not want to spend more money.
This can be done?
Expert doubts
Repair be sure to choose a reliable repair workshop, key indicators include a reliable quality (technical level, quality of service), price, size (reliability, service, quality assurance cycle), claims, etc.
General maintenance of large-scale plant is no room for bargaining, we often say Diandaqike: a big yard, big momentum. Although the factory does not mean that all aspects of great good, but at least on the scale and technical strength, there is a certain protection. And although the price is very cheap roadside shop, once the problems are often very difficult to solve.
Therefore, to choose a regular or car repair shop, although charges are a little more than roadside shop, but it charges it will give a little more vehicle owners are very safe, long-term commitment to quality, this is a very bargain thing.
2 strokes: distant past attack owners wondering booking service, OK?
Owner Mr. Wang said that he was particularly busy, like to book repair, do not know Can you do the other will not be any problems?
Expert doubts
Telephone and online booking service will not only save time to repair, but also the first customer.
Appointment in the maintenance operation and maintenance of plant, be sure to cars failures is described as detailed as possible, clear, plant maintenance technicians in order to obtain guidance. Plant operations and maintenance through personnel exchanges, we can find not only the quality of maintenance plant employees, and plant maintenance technicians can learn the technical level: a good service technicians to ask fault conditions, should take the trouble, very detailed, Because the only way to help determine the cause of failure. Conversely, half-hearted rush end communication, the accuracy of the failure process is doubtful.
TIP 3: confused car owners do not repair well known hit timid country?
Wu owners and repair shop experienced in dealing with the pain later, said: "The repair shop mentioned on the headache, how can I do?"
Expert doubts
In the repair, be sure to first adjust their attitude, generally had problems in the car, the more or less affect their emotions, with unhealthy emotions affect your sense, especially repair . In addition, repair, be sure to open the car of their own state of understanding of basic techniques, such as adding what grade of fuel oil, what grade oil, antifreeze, and what grades their driving and vehicle characteristics.
4 strokes: be prepared for the day can not get car owners to wonder how can I do?
Miss Gu owner said she recently drove to the repair, but can not repair that failure to resolve the day, you need to leave the car factory, which makes Miss Gu nervous, car is their "lifeline" on the repair shop, his see, my heart is not practical.
Expert doubts
The best repair shop owners along with the factory when the vehicle mileage, fuel gauge pointer approximate location of the vehicle the appearance of the situation, spare tire and tools for confirmation, records
Mr. Liu, the owner of the car just after the warranty period there have been some unexpected small problems, which makes him very upset, what should be where to repair it? Shop cheap, big shops expensive. To save money it wanted to shop, but also worried that "no good cheap goods", to a large store it, and do not want to spend more money.
This can be done?
Expert doubts
Repair be sure to choose a reliable repair workshop, key indicators include a reliable quality (technical level, quality of service), price, size (reliability, service, quality assurance cycle), claims, etc.
General maintenance of large-scale plant is no room for bargaining, we often say Diandaqike: a big yard, big momentum. Although the factory does not mean that all aspects of great good, but at least on the scale and technical strength, there is a certain protection. And although the price is very cheap roadside shop, once the problems are often very difficult to solve.
Therefore, to choose a regular or car repair shop, although charges are a little more than roadside shop, but it charges it will give a little more vehicle owners are very safe, long-term commitment to quality, this is a very bargain thing.
2 strokes: distant past attack owners wondering booking service, OK?
Owner Mr. Wang said that he was particularly busy, like to book repair, do not know Can you do the other will not be any problems?
Expert doubts
Telephone and online booking service will not only save time to repair, but also the first customer.
Appointment in the maintenance operation and maintenance of plant, be sure to cars failures is described as detailed as possible, clear, plant maintenance technicians in order to obtain guidance. Plant operations and maintenance through personnel exchanges, we can find not only the quality of maintenance plant employees, and plant maintenance technicians can learn the technical level: a good service technicians to ask fault conditions, should take the trouble, very detailed, Because the only way to help determine the cause of failure. Conversely, half-hearted rush end communication, the accuracy of the failure process is doubtful.
TIP 3: confused car owners do not repair well known hit timid country?
Wu owners and repair shop experienced in dealing with the pain later, said: "The repair shop mentioned on the headache, how can I do?"
Expert doubts
In the repair, be sure to first adjust their attitude, generally had problems in the car, the more or less affect their emotions, with unhealthy emotions affect your sense, especially repair . In addition, repair, be sure to open the car of their own state of understanding of basic techniques, such as adding what grade of fuel oil, what grade oil, antifreeze, and what grades their driving and vehicle characteristics.
4 strokes: be prepared for the day can not get car owners to wonder how can I do?
Miss Gu owner said she recently drove to the repair, but can not repair that failure to resolve the day, you need to leave the car factory, which makes Miss Gu nervous, car is their "lifeline" on the repair shop, his see, my heart is not practical.
Expert doubts
The best repair shop owners along with the factory when the vehicle mileage, fuel gauge pointer approximate location of the vehicle the appearance of the situation, spare tire and tools for confirmation, records
Manual transmission car jump file failure
Manual transmission car jump file failure Transmission jump file failure phenomenon: the car is moving the shift lever automatically jump back to the neutral position. This phenomenon occurred in the high-speed, sudden changes in load or vehicle subject to severe vibration, and most are in high gear jump file.
Transmission jump file causes for the failure:
l, as gear, gear synchronizer cone sets or excessive tooth wear, tooth length along the direction of the formation of shape, when they produce a mating axial thrust, but also by vibration at work, shaking, speed changes the inertia effect, forcing the engagement of gear torn off along the axis;
2, the transmission and bending, wear and tear over very, screw loosening or deformation of the shift lever, so the gear does not engage;
3, self-locking device worn Songkuang, less elastic or spring break, resulting in lack of strength lock, so that speed can not be reliably cross-axis positioning;
4 sets of gear tooth wear off or even along the length direction of the ground into a conical teeth;
5, shaft and bearings badly worn, the axial clearance is too large, or the first and second shaft and intermediate shaft is not parallel to the meshing gear does not jump up and down swings caused by file;
6 tooth spline shaft and sliding gear splines worn off even;
7, the second shaft spline tooth wear distorted or key transition, caused by loose nut or shaft drive gear before and after the channeling;
8, synchronizer latch loose, fall apart or synchronizer tooth bonding length has serious wear and tear;
9, the transmission is not firmly fixed.
Jump to determine the transmission failure and exclusion file:
l, find a file in the jump file, the file will shift lever substitutions, then remove the cover to see the transmission gear mesh, such as meshing well, check the transmission cross shaft lock mechanism;
2, hand to promote the jump test file transmission fork positioning device, such as poor positioning, the need to remove the transmission cross-axis positioning of the ball and spring testing, such as the spring is too soft or broken should be replaced. If the transmission cross shaft groove wear and tear should be repaired or replaced even before;
3, check the gears meshing, such as the gear is not fully engaged, the gear by hand to promote the jump file or set of teeth meshing correctly, you should check whether the shift fork bent or worn over very well shift fork screws are loose, the fork end and gear cast slot gap is too large. If the speed should be corrected fork bending; as a result of wear and sliding speed gear fork bottom slot over Songkuang repair should be removed;
4, such as variable speed well, and can set the proper gear or gear teeth, gear should be checked for wear into a cone, such as badly worn should be replaced;
5, check the bearing and shaft wear, severe wear and tear such as shaft, bearings Songkuang or speed axial movement along the axis, should be removed to repair or replace;
6, check the synchronizer work, if any fault should be repaired or replaced;
7, check the transmission mounting bolts, such as loose should be tightened.
Transmission jump file causes for the failure:
l, as gear, gear synchronizer cone sets or excessive tooth wear, tooth length along the direction of the formation of shape, when they produce a mating axial thrust, but also by vibration at work, shaking, speed changes the inertia effect, forcing the engagement of gear torn off along the axis;
2, the transmission and bending, wear and tear over very, screw loosening or deformation of the shift lever, so the gear does not engage;
3, self-locking device worn Songkuang, less elastic or spring break, resulting in lack of strength lock, so that speed can not be reliably cross-axis positioning;
4 sets of gear tooth wear off or even along the length direction of the ground into a conical teeth;
5, shaft and bearings badly worn, the axial clearance is too large, or the first and second shaft and intermediate shaft is not parallel to the meshing gear does not jump up and down swings caused by file;
6 tooth spline shaft and sliding gear splines worn off even;
7, the second shaft spline tooth wear distorted or key transition, caused by loose nut or shaft drive gear before and after the channeling;
8, synchronizer latch loose, fall apart or synchronizer tooth bonding length has serious wear and tear;
9, the transmission is not firmly fixed.
Jump to determine the transmission failure and exclusion file:
l, find a file in the jump file, the file will shift lever substitutions, then remove the cover to see the transmission gear mesh, such as meshing well, check the transmission cross shaft lock mechanism;
2, hand to promote the jump test file transmission fork positioning device, such as poor positioning, the need to remove the transmission cross-axis positioning of the ball and spring testing, such as the spring is too soft or broken should be replaced. If the transmission cross shaft groove wear and tear should be repaired or replaced even before;
3, check the gears meshing, such as the gear is not fully engaged, the gear by hand to promote the jump file or set of teeth meshing correctly, you should check whether the shift fork bent or worn over very well shift fork screws are loose, the fork end and gear cast slot gap is too large. If the speed should be corrected fork bending; as a result of wear and sliding speed gear fork bottom slot over Songkuang repair should be removed;
4, such as variable speed well, and can set the proper gear or gear teeth, gear should be checked for wear into a cone, such as badly worn should be replaced;
5, check the bearing and shaft wear, severe wear and tear such as shaft, bearings Songkuang or speed axial movement along the axis, should be removed to repair or replace;
6, check the synchronizer work, if any fault should be repaired or replaced;
7, check the transmission mounting bolts, such as loose should be tightened.
Maintenance tips:
Maintenance tips: Novice car maintenance will usually puzzled. What is a small maintenance, what is the big maintenance it? Yue car steward gave way we look at science. The so-called small maintenance is driving 5,000 km per vehicle replacement engine oil and filter construction, major maintenance is the vehicle six months to one year plus three replacement oil filter construction. "Three filter" refers to the air filter, oil filter and fuel filter. "Three-filter" cleaning and maintenance in a timely fashion, full engine performance and reduce engine failure rate, will help extend engine life.
① Air Filter Properly installed air filter can reduce the cylinder, piston and piston rings and other wear parts. Yue car steward way to remind you: general cleaning once per driving 5,000 km, 10,000 km per vehicle air filter must be replaced.
② oil filter Oil filter is installed correctly to avoid contamination of the process of internal combustion engines use oil to prevent oil moving parts wear and clogging. Yue car steward way to remind you: When changing the oil when the oil filter must be replaced, otherwise it will affect the quality of lubricating oil. Oil and oil filter replacement cycle is generally 5,000 km.
③ fuel filter Petrol fuel filter is installed correctly to prevent the process of filling in the storage and mixing of impurities and moisture caused cylinder wear. Yue car steward way to remind you: In order to ensure the engine is running good, replace the fuel filter cycle is generally of 20,000 km or 1 year. Yue way car steward recommended: "Three filter" must be carried out by a professional maintenance service personnel, so the recommended way is hereby designated outlets Yue car steward, it professional services to complete the technical specifications of Automobile Maintenance.
Oil tips: The oil market is now common grade SJ, SL, SM. SM is one of the highest gasoline engine oil level, using the most technologically advanced, highest quality lubrication. Viscosity of the smaller figures before the label W, oil flow, the better. W is the higher the number, the better the performance under high temperature protection.
① Air Filter Properly installed air filter can reduce the cylinder, piston and piston rings and other wear parts. Yue car steward way to remind you: general cleaning once per driving 5,000 km, 10,000 km per vehicle air filter must be replaced.
② oil filter Oil filter is installed correctly to avoid contamination of the process of internal combustion engines use oil to prevent oil moving parts wear and clogging. Yue car steward way to remind you: When changing the oil when the oil filter must be replaced, otherwise it will affect the quality of lubricating oil. Oil and oil filter replacement cycle is generally 5,000 km.
③ fuel filter Petrol fuel filter is installed correctly to prevent the process of filling in the storage and mixing of impurities and moisture caused cylinder wear. Yue car steward way to remind you: In order to ensure the engine is running good, replace the fuel filter cycle is generally of 20,000 km or 1 year. Yue way car steward recommended: "Three filter" must be carried out by a professional maintenance service personnel, so the recommended way is hereby designated outlets Yue car steward, it professional services to complete the technical specifications of Automobile Maintenance.
Oil tips: The oil market is now common grade SJ, SL, SM. SM is one of the highest gasoline engine oil level, using the most technologically advanced, highest quality lubrication. Viscosity of the smaller figures before the label W, oil flow, the better. W is the higher the number, the better the performance under high temperature protection.
Listening fault knowledge
Listening fault knowledge 1, abnormal sound body This problem is usually not enough because the body stiffness, resulting in vehicles in the deformation, friction, or the door frame with the car shake, or sealing off some areas arising from friction between the steel plate. Posted in the windows and doors in the friction parts of the pad or strip of rubber and other methods may be able to reduce or eliminate abnormal sound, but a temporary solution. Some of the larger vehicle wind noise, and shape it, and if confirmation is not adding unnecessary items, the owner would not even think about a solution of their own. There are fixed between the car body parts can also cause abnormal sound bad, the general tightening the screws can be solved. 2, abnormal sound engine compartment Here the possibility of abnormal sound more. Belt howling more harsh, generally because of the belt slipping due. When the engine is running dry if the external metal parts rubbing sound, usually generators, water pumps, power steering pump bearing damage performance. Leak when the engine is running the sound, it may be blocking the exhaust system, vacuum leak or rupture. Need to be reminded that if the engine within the abnormal sound, most owners can not be solved, it is best to send plant maintenance. 3, abnormal sound transmission If the transmission in driving the car within the "rustling" sound, and the clutch and then disappear, then the noise source is the transmission failure, it may be worn gearbox bearings or gears, bearings due to spots. 4, brake noise Brake brake disc brake friction screaming mostly sub-standard or excessive wear, brake lining material is excellent, can replace the soft brake pads. You can also use the brakes hard to knock down some of the grinder can be. 5, the tire abnormal sound Tires must be rhythmic sound, and the frequency of high-speed fast. If it is low "flap" sound, most of the deformation of the tire tread, from the package, badly worn or insufficient air pressure; if it is "blah" sound, the tread may be mixed with pebbles. If the tires whirring call to ring, and clear the body shake even the direction of deviation, that is certainly not the tire burst, get off the tire change it. 6, suspension abnormal sound A four-wheel encounters bumps around on the issue of "pound" or "click" sound, most of the shock absorbers or suspension parts loose causing the problem, be sure to shop carefully to the regular maintenance checks. Not only because of suspension components and ride comfort, but also on related to traffic safety, do not be discounted.
Lights of the routine maintenance and common faults
Lights of the routine maintenance and common faults Check the vehicle lighting bulbs burn out quickly and failure is an extremely simple task, but for a full vehicle lighting system maintenance is not so simple. Timely maintenance of the exterior lighting is critical to drivers, because it affects not only driving comfort, but also directly related to traffic safety. Often been reminded before the owner is difficult to realize headlights, taillights, turn signals or parking lights no longer work properly. By the way, replace the burned out light bulbs work is very simple, its cost is lower than the DIY repair station lighting system maintenance fees.
More often, the lights burned out light bulbs are not merely the failure, corrosion or plug socket of this kind of small problems that often require specialized diagnostic techniques to analyze the root cause of failure. Even those low-cost car, its interior and exterior lighting is controlled by the main computer. Those luxury cars, only their headlights on by three computer controlled.
If your car has daytime running lights DRL system you must first understand the working principle of these devices. For example, some daytime running lights system before the engine is started, the daytime running lights can not be opened; some daytime running lights system, if the parking brake has not been canceled, even if the engine has started, the daytime running lights still does not work. If the vehicle is equipped with a light control light (dim light, that is, when the outside world to a certain extent, the system automatically turns the headlights with the function), may wish to check the photosensitive state from the weakest to the strongest lights during the work, of course, Do not ignore the check automatically turn off the timer. If the system is equipped with a timer, set the maximum delay.
If the headlight is damaged, usually similar to the replacement of lamps. Some cars equipped with high-intensity discharge headlamps HID, the device through its pre-designed electronic system to produce high-pressure arc discharge light source to generate high density. Note that the ordinary quartz - halogen bulbs can not be in this application. Also, check for cracks before the headlights, because although the surface cracks will not affect the performance of headlamps lighting, but the moisture will penetrate the fixture along the crack, which is bound to reduce the lamp life.
Headlight illumination direction calibration should be included in the list of maintenance items, because in order to ensure the safety of motorists driving the biggest, headlights must be able to provide a good vehicle to drive forward lighting.
Seize the key, but also an examination must not forget the other light systems, such as turn signals, license plate light, showing the wide lights, parking lights, reverse lights and brake lights (including the middle brake light CHMSL) and so on. In addition, many vehicles will fog lights as standard equipment or a popular optional parts, fog lights usually installed in the car on a lower position, so vulnerable to stone damage, in its maintenance, in addition to checking the lighting system itself, the lights of the crack should not be overlooked.
More often, the lights burned out light bulbs are not merely the failure, corrosion or plug socket of this kind of small problems that often require specialized diagnostic techniques to analyze the root cause of failure. Even those low-cost car, its interior and exterior lighting is controlled by the main computer. Those luxury cars, only their headlights on by three computer controlled.
If your car has daytime running lights DRL system you must first understand the working principle of these devices. For example, some daytime running lights system before the engine is started, the daytime running lights can not be opened; some daytime running lights system, if the parking brake has not been canceled, even if the engine has started, the daytime running lights still does not work. If the vehicle is equipped with a light control light (dim light, that is, when the outside world to a certain extent, the system automatically turns the headlights with the function), may wish to check the photosensitive state from the weakest to the strongest lights during the work, of course, Do not ignore the check automatically turn off the timer. If the system is equipped with a timer, set the maximum delay.
If the headlight is damaged, usually similar to the replacement of lamps. Some cars equipped with high-intensity discharge headlamps HID, the device through its pre-designed electronic system to produce high-pressure arc discharge light source to generate high density. Note that the ordinary quartz - halogen bulbs can not be in this application. Also, check for cracks before the headlights, because although the surface cracks will not affect the performance of headlamps lighting, but the moisture will penetrate the fixture along the crack, which is bound to reduce the lamp life.
Headlight illumination direction calibration should be included in the list of maintenance items, because in order to ensure the safety of motorists driving the biggest, headlights must be able to provide a good vehicle to drive forward lighting.
Seize the key, but also an examination must not forget the other light systems, such as turn signals, license plate light, showing the wide lights, parking lights, reverse lights and brake lights (including the middle brake light CHMSL) and so on. In addition, many vehicles will fog lights as standard equipment or a popular optional parts, fog lights usually installed in the car on a lower position, so vulnerable to stone damage, in its maintenance, in addition to checking the lighting system itself, the lights of the crack should not be overlooked.
Introduction
Introduction BMW headquarters in Munich November 1918, the First World War, a defeated Germany, their plane was "Versailles Treaty"
as "weapons of war" against the production, so the company conducted a series of
restructuring, mergers and acquisitions plant manufacturing rights, but nothing was found
helios motorcycle, almost to the bmw collapse. 1922, bmw developed their first motorcycle
engine, although not adopted, but has set an important direction of the depot, after the
victoria-worke in nuremberg re-built a plant from the design of 500ml of air-cooled
horizontally opposed two-cylinder motorcycle engine, the assembly of r-32 in the
revolutionary motorcycle, which is driven through the shaft instead of chain transfer to the
rear wheels, r-32 for the classic BMW motorcycle cars set the sample. 1924 BMW into the r-32
competition in the market was soon a success.
as "weapons of war" against the production, so the company conducted a series of
restructuring, mergers and acquisitions plant manufacturing rights, but nothing was found
helios motorcycle, almost to the bmw collapse. 1922, bmw developed their first motorcycle
engine, although not adopted, but has set an important direction of the depot, after the
victoria-worke in nuremberg re-built a plant from the design of 500ml of air-cooled
horizontally opposed two-cylinder motorcycle engine, the assembly of r-32 in the
revolutionary motorcycle, which is driven through the shaft instead of chain transfer to the
rear wheels, r-32 for the classic BMW motorcycle cars set the sample. 1924 BMW into the r-32
competition in the market was soon a success.
How to do car engine burning oil
How to do car engine burning oil Many people run into burning oil through the engine case. Reporters learned from the situation, burning oil can be divided into three cases, cool cars burning oil, burning oil and acceleration under any circumstances burn oil. Which, under any circumstances the most serious oil burning, the need for engine overhaul, otherwise easily lead to accidents.
Cool car burning oil is the first morning of the car, the rear pipe will be more concentrated blue smoke emissions. Blue smoke disappeared over a period of time, usually the same day there will be no similar incidents. The next day the car have similar problems. It is understood that this is because aging and badly worn valve seals, can not achieve a good sealing effect's sake. One night when the engine is not running, the oil will flow by gravity through the valve seals the cylinder. Once the engine starts, oil in the cylinder under high temperature and pressure of the combustion of a large number of blue smoke.
When burning oil is accelerating the process of moving vehicles such as pedal to the metal or in situ in the car when the pedal to the metal, a lot of blue smoke from the exhaust pipe. Seriously, you can travel in the pedal to the metal, from the exhaust pipe in the side of the mirror to see blue smoke. This is because the engine piston rings and cylinder walls Mifengbuyan, hard acceleration when the engine oil from the crankcase jump directly to the cylinder, resulting in burning oil. There is also a burning oil is the most serious that any case of burning oil. This shows the engine has worn very serious, and needs a major overhaul, otherwise it will lead to serious accidents.
Cool car burning oil is the first morning of the car, the rear pipe will be more concentrated blue smoke emissions. Blue smoke disappeared over a period of time, usually the same day there will be no similar incidents. The next day the car have similar problems. It is understood that this is because aging and badly worn valve seals, can not achieve a good sealing effect's sake. One night when the engine is not running, the oil will flow by gravity through the valve seals the cylinder. Once the engine starts, oil in the cylinder under high temperature and pressure of the combustion of a large number of blue smoke.
When burning oil is accelerating the process of moving vehicles such as pedal to the metal or in situ in the car when the pedal to the metal, a lot of blue smoke from the exhaust pipe. Seriously, you can travel in the pedal to the metal, from the exhaust pipe in the side of the mirror to see blue smoke. This is because the engine piston rings and cylinder walls Mifengbuyan, hard acceleration when the engine oil from the crankcase jump directly to the cylinder, resulting in burning oil. There is also a burning oil is the most serious that any case of burning oil. This shows the engine has worn very serious, and needs a major overhaul, otherwise it will lead to serious accidents.
Honda Fit electrical equipment failure
Honda Fit electrical equipment failure Failure: airbag warning light suddenly lit
Fit a car user to reflect the car's airbag warning light suddenly illuminated.
Connection failure diagnostic apparatus for airbag control systems are tested and found the right front crash sensor-related fault codes. After replacing the sensor, the airbag warning light was extinguished. But two days after the vehicles airbag warning light re-lit. Connect scan tool to read fault codes with the former. Maintenance personnel suspected to be related to wiring harness problems, so a careful inspection of the wiring harness, but did not find any problems. As the airbag system structure is relatively simple, since the crash sensor has determined there is no problem, but also the normal route, it was suspected that the problem in the airbag computer.
Finally, replace the airbag computer troubleshooting.
Failure: ABS warning light is lit
Fit the user to reflect on the dashboard with the ABS warning light lit.
Connected to the ABS control system malfunction diagnostic testing, the device alerts the right front wheel speed sensor signal bad. After careful examination, found a lot of metal foam sensor head. As the wheel speed sensors are electromagnetic induction sensors, it is these metal powders affect the sensor's signal output.
To clean the sensor, and the fault code cleared, troubleshooting.
Fit a car user to reflect the car's airbag warning light suddenly illuminated.
Connection failure diagnostic apparatus for airbag control systems are tested and found the right front crash sensor-related fault codes. After replacing the sensor, the airbag warning light was extinguished. But two days after the vehicles airbag warning light re-lit. Connect scan tool to read fault codes with the former. Maintenance personnel suspected to be related to wiring harness problems, so a careful inspection of the wiring harness, but did not find any problems. As the airbag system structure is relatively simple, since the crash sensor has determined there is no problem, but also the normal route, it was suspected that the problem in the airbag computer.
Finally, replace the airbag computer troubleshooting.
Failure: ABS warning light is lit
Fit the user to reflect on the dashboard with the ABS warning light lit.
Connected to the ABS control system malfunction diagnostic testing, the device alerts the right front wheel speed sensor signal bad. After careful examination, found a lot of metal foam sensor head. As the wheel speed sensors are electromagnetic induction sensors, it is these metal powders affect the sensor's signal output.
To clean the sensor, and the fault code cleared, troubleshooting.
Failure to solve the chassis abnormal sound
Failure to solve the chassis abnormal sound
First, the car driving on a flat surface some distance, so that the rear axle of the temperature rose to normal, then abnormal sound when the vehicle is moving, note the speed, parking, and placing the transmission in neutral position, then slowly speed up until the engine speed and vehicle speed when there abnormal sound quite, the observation of the occurrence of any abnormal sound can be repeated several times to determine whether the abnormal sound of the exhaust or engine caused by an abnormal condition.
Rear axle noise, tire noise and the resolution
With the road and tire noise is changed, the rear axle noise is not. When the vehicle speed is below 48km / h, the rear axle noise disappear, but the tire noise will continue to exist. The car is moving and sliding, the tire noise is the same, but the rear axle of the noise is different.
Wheel bearings rear axle abnormal sound and noise resolution
The car is moving and sliding, the front wheel bearing noise constant, such as maintaining constant speed and brake slightly applied, can reduce the wheel load bearing part of the load, which can weaken the noise, the noise source from where you can find.
When the speed is greater than 48km / h, unless severely damaged the rear axle, rear wheel bearings under normal circumstances few could hear the noise, the car slide, or neutral, the dehiscence of the rear wheel bearing will have a "rumbling" sound, and erosion The rear wheel bearings are issued a "rustling" sound.
Bearing and differential gear bearing cone initiative to distinguish abnormal sound
Reducer bearings usually produce harsh "rumbling" sound or "quack" sound, the sound the beat steady, with the speed of change.
Gear reducer cone bearing sound in the car before the big slide when the latter bearing the larger noise in the driving.
Differential bearing noise is usually a constant ear-piercing sound, but it beat than the gear reducer tapered bearings to ease the noise is much more.
Rear axle gear noise to distinguish
In the normal straight line driving, the axle gears and planetary gear differential is almost no relative motion, so can not hear the noise.
Car moving process, the rear axle gear occurred mostly because of abnormal sound caused by poor lubrication, resulting in scar reducer gear grind, if the sliding speed in a variety of abnormal sound can be heard, then by the reducer gear nut loosening caused.
Low speed, rear axle parts occurred percussion, acceleration or deceleration, especially given the abnormal sound dull. The failure from one or more found the following reasons:
Differential axle differential gear journal and the shell gap inappropriate.
Differential cross shaft journal and the differential shell mismatch.
Axle differential gears meshing with the planetary gear backlash properly.
Differential cone active and passive gear mesh backlash properly.
Thrust washer wear.
Vehicles, the occurrence of abnormal sound due to the rear axle gear mesh gap properly, differential bearing pre-load adjustment added improper or both. Exclude abnormal sound, the need to open checking differential gear reducer gear meshing with the gap, cone reducer gear bearing pre-load and increase exposure to traces of the gear reducer.
First, the car driving on a flat surface some distance, so that the rear axle of the temperature rose to normal, then abnormal sound when the vehicle is moving, note the speed, parking, and placing the transmission in neutral position, then slowly speed up until the engine speed and vehicle speed when there abnormal sound quite, the observation of the occurrence of any abnormal sound can be repeated several times to determine whether the abnormal sound of the exhaust or engine caused by an abnormal condition.
Rear axle noise, tire noise and the resolution
With the road and tire noise is changed, the rear axle noise is not. When the vehicle speed is below 48km / h, the rear axle noise disappear, but the tire noise will continue to exist. The car is moving and sliding, the tire noise is the same, but the rear axle of the noise is different.
Wheel bearings rear axle abnormal sound and noise resolution
The car is moving and sliding, the front wheel bearing noise constant, such as maintaining constant speed and brake slightly applied, can reduce the wheel load bearing part of the load, which can weaken the noise, the noise source from where you can find.
When the speed is greater than 48km / h, unless severely damaged the rear axle, rear wheel bearings under normal circumstances few could hear the noise, the car slide, or neutral, the dehiscence of the rear wheel bearing will have a "rumbling" sound, and erosion The rear wheel bearings are issued a "rustling" sound.
Bearing and differential gear bearing cone initiative to distinguish abnormal sound
Reducer bearings usually produce harsh "rumbling" sound or "quack" sound, the sound the beat steady, with the speed of change.
Gear reducer cone bearing sound in the car before the big slide when the latter bearing the larger noise in the driving.
Differential bearing noise is usually a constant ear-piercing sound, but it beat than the gear reducer tapered bearings to ease the noise is much more.
Rear axle gear noise to distinguish
In the normal straight line driving, the axle gears and planetary gear differential is almost no relative motion, so can not hear the noise.
Car moving process, the rear axle gear occurred mostly because of abnormal sound caused by poor lubrication, resulting in scar reducer gear grind, if the sliding speed in a variety of abnormal sound can be heard, then by the reducer gear nut loosening caused.
Low speed, rear axle parts occurred percussion, acceleration or deceleration, especially given the abnormal sound dull. The failure from one or more found the following reasons:
Differential axle differential gear journal and the shell gap inappropriate.
Differential cross shaft journal and the differential shell mismatch.
Axle differential gears meshing with the planetary gear backlash properly.
Differential cone active and passive gear mesh backlash properly.
Thrust washer wear.
Vehicles, the occurrence of abnormal sound due to the rear axle gear mesh gap properly, differential bearing pre-load adjustment added improper or both. Exclude abnormal sound, the need to open checking differential gear reducer gear meshing with the gap, cone reducer gear bearing pre-load and increase exposure to traces of the gear reducer.
Engine failure
Engine failure The engine is running in the process of odor solution: use of vehicles for some time, some of the aging of rubber seals, oil will leak from the seals, drop in the exhaust manifold, with the exhaust manifold temperature, engine oil in evaporate within a short time, we will send the smell of burning oil. You can just replace the seals. When the exhaust odor, its main reason is the mixture too thick, often have to consider the oil, exhaust pipe, muffler, etc. fails, sometimes the exhaust pipe and muffler combination of loose parts and leaks occur, the syndrome is a silencer device around the issue of "A pair of mile, pit mile" abnormal sound. Slipping clutch instant odor is very unpleasant, mainly Clutch load caused by too much. Engine water temperature is too high to solve: lack of cooling water caused the engine to overheat. Do not remember at this time open the antifreeze lid immediately. First, drive the truck into the air, cool place. Then open the hood, waiting for the cooling water temperature down. Forced to open immediately when soaked in water can be a big towel, cover the lid on anti-freeze, and then try to slowly open the lid. When the vapor emitted when the left hand quickly, until the vapor dissipated, the final and then open the lid, add the cooling water. Leakage can also cause engine overheating. The antifreeze is installed on many small pot pipe, hose may be loose or damaged, causing leaks. Emergency can be damaged pipe wrap tape, make up the water running. Thermostat failure resulting in engine overheating. Thermostat is usually installed in the upper part of the engine. If the cooling water temperature reach a certain temperature, it can not bottled water to the tank. Therefore, the thermostat may be due to the reasons for making the temperature reached the reference temperature can not be bottled water to the tank, or get too little water, leading to engine overheating. Can not start the engine or the engine not running and the engine is running but not working to solve: you can hear car horns sound and light lamps to be a preliminary approach to the judge. Phenomenon 1: If the horn does not sound hoarse and the engine running, and you should check the battery. When ordinary batteries or maintenance-free battery plates exposed to the sight glass color is not green, it can be concluded that insufficient battery power the engine can not start. Case of an ordinary battery power is low, add distilled water, purified water can also be used emergency. If it is maintenance-free battery power is low, the method can only be used across other vehicles on the battery, please help. At this point we must pay attention to the cable onboard engine, borrowed other vehicles in the battery power, the battery's positive with positive, negative with negative. Note by the borrower must first start the vehicle engine. Automotive repair and maintenance network phenomena 2: speaker and light lamps are no exception, but the car will issue a "moo ah, ah moo" sound. If the connector with pliers, gently rotate to the left and right look, the joint office issued a "cushions squeak, squeak mutter" mobile voice, you can further conclude that the connection is bad. At this point you can choose to use sandpaper to clean connector cylinder. When there is no sandpaper, you can turn with pliers to gently clean around the cylinder. Phenomenon 3: good speakers, but the engine is not running, you can consider whether the engine power. If the failure of the engine itself, such as electromagnetic switches such as the failure, it must remove the engine, replacement parts measures. Tip: If the engine has not stuck, you can start to consider the use of external means, the specific operating points: the shift lever pushed to the second highest gear (such as 4-speed models, with 3 block), left foot clutch pedal, right foot step on the gas pedal, release the brake, turn the engine switch. When the car has a certain inertia, and quickly lift the clutch pedal.
Edit this paragraph history of success
Edit this paragraph history of success dixi 315 BMW BMW Want to manufacture its own cars, but it did not want to challenge when large Daimler Benz, so I decided to try some small cars. Then a force called Ai Jackson plant transport industry has a name is Walter Castle (wartburg), later changed to Brindisi (dixi) car brand. Brindisi car sales were poor, so the British Austin (austin) depot in Germany 7 to apply the right car, put into production in 1927, renamed dixi 315 dai (da the German version), this being Germany Customers welcome the Anglo-German hybrid, so the depot converted to life. In the eyes of the shareholders of BMW, bmw Ai Johnson combined force is a brand and the best opportunity to improve, and finally two merged in 1928. July 1929, bmw 315 cars launched first, is to turn in early production dixi 315 names, but experts do not agree dixi 315 BMW Is the bmw first car, in any case, bmw 315 has been produced to the end of 1932, which lasted nearly six years. Brindisi is a very basic transport, but it makes the BMW into the four world. How is it looks like a car, but the owner of Brindisi on the track but could not wait to start the test, it is surprising is actually a car at Brindisi in 1929 Alpine Rally was a success. Golden Twenties BMW 315 BMW 303 - BMW have created the first real car In March 1932, factory 320 from 315 and improved by the birth, it is equipped with a 782ml engine, new car began its own personality and direction of power from 11 to 15kw. In 1933, the Berlin Motor Show in Germany, bmw show their latest 303 model, from the evolution 320, equipped with a parallel 6 cylinder, dual carburetors, cylinder volume of 1,173 ml, high-performance power of 22kw two-door four seat car, bonnet accounted for half of the body, every design on both sides of the same air, to separate the center line, sufficient cabin space and comfort. After 303 and 321 extend to 315,319,320, bmw source of creativity is a long endless stream. In addition, it seems bmw soft spot for sports car, 1935 BMW's first sports car 315-1 come out, it is a modified version of 315, with three of Solly Fox's six-cylinder carburetor engine power to 29kw, speed of 130km / h, the car also in low fuel consumption, safety and easy manipulation is known world. Its elegant design, the highlights of BMW's rigorous performance requirements. 315-1 two-seater in 1935 and 1936, making a total of only 242 produced, but it is for the future success of the BMW car was set to follow the sample. In 1936, the same shape and older, increasing the cylinder volume to 1911ml of 319 available, the power increased to 40kw, speed has increased to 140km / h, the compression ratio of 5.6:1. At this time also began to involve manufacturing bmw touring car market, which is today referred to as San Xiangshi four-door car, the Model 326 which is beautiful, it is the classic body design makes it the 1936 Berlin Auto Show in striking highlights. Its target is the upper middle class family, used to attract Mercedes-Benz customers, but it also represents BMW high-end market is moving forward. This is 30 years of the most successful BMW cars in 1936 to 1941 were sold between 16,000 and 326 for the car to provide the hydraulic brakes, torsion bar rear suspension system, the new independent front suspension system designed and used to replace a previously BMW chassis solid body, and it has a convertible hard top two models, the maximum speed of 112 km. In the same year, bmw four-cylinder engine designed to line 6 cylinder engine design, and 4-cylinder engine 309 is also at the same time stop. 326-type car soon become bmw6 the main cylinder, which also include the poor sales of the 320 (1937-1938) and the 321 series (1939-1941). While BMW with its home series and the success of the luxury car series, it has developed a model about to become the thirties of the greatest classic cars. 1936 BMW introduced the 328 Model of the car industry is enormous, and it improves 315-1 sports car design, assembly with high-performance aluminum cylinder heads BMW 2 liter engine, the game can be optional and special gearbox Quick-release wheels, top speed of 328 cars of nearly 150 km, strong light tube chassis that is relatively softer suspension, but the operation is extremely comfortable. In the 1930s the remaining years, the BMW 328 sports car design has become a sign of the product, in the postwar years in which it became a classic for collectors and classic car racing competing to collect hand. For many BMW enthusiasts it is still the highest in company history! Extreme quality, elegant appearance BMW 328 328 Le Mans 24 Hour sports car race in the classic BMW design The late 1930s a series of design is a feature of cars, the BMW 327 is all the appearance of one of the most beautiful models, it is an early edition of 326 two-door sports car. Because the company decided to launch the first 328 two-seater, so the 327 launch delayed until 1937 only, it is equipped with a 2 liter engine 328 sports a high-performance models. BMW to late thirties exactly represent pure Nazi Germany affluent lifestyle to the apex. In addition to engine options other than the 327 offers the possibility to choose a professional handmade products, if you prefer, you can two-door convertible in the car or purchase a one wooden body. BMW series of cars almost meet the needs of every taste, of course, provided you have enough money. But today, as BMW continue to offer its well-designed, high-powered cars, the German industry's huge energy are used in the manufacture of tools of war. Germany plans to potential enemies than it is better to arm themselves. Companies such as BMW is an essential part of the plan. 1939 BMW broad participation in a series of high-tech military projects, including development of aircraft, jet engines and rocket engines. But the German out of the steel smelting furnace can still be used to make cars. There is one final pre-war BMW design is necessary to introduce it in the thirties of the last one classic design. 335 introduced in 1935, it is equipped with a 3.5-liter BMW Engine is 326 luxury improved. This model continued production until 1941, and became a favorite of senior officers. It does not produce large quantities, the total number of only 410. 1939 BMW as a car manufacturer has developed over a decade, but the outbreak of World War II declared the end of this period. BMW continues to produce, but the company's design and use of resources have been shifted to the war, BMW uses a substantial increase in the labor force, many of them were from prisons and concentration camps. Aircraft engine manufacturing company for the German Air Force received a proficient technical advantages of the main factors. Famous Fokker Wolf 190 fighter engine is manufactured by BMW. BMW's success attracted the attention of the Allies, it was a factory in Munich continuous bombing. One day in July 1944, nearly 12,000 bombs a BMW factory. 1945, World War II, to accept the unconditional surrender of Germany, two countries divided into East and West Germany, East Germany suffered Senna He became a part of the Munich plant all the facilities have been fragmented Allied bombing, the hit must be several years time to recover, the second experienced war bmw, to up to seven years before being put into production again, this time bmw vitality appeared to be very fragile. In the full BMW Revival of the former, bmw-year period in 1945-1947 as a U.S. aircraft engine company for three years of research and development work. The destruction of the Munich plant are starting from scratch, began production of aluminum containers. In 1948, bmw raised sufficient funds to begin rebuilding a motorcycle factory, it has prepared to launch a post-war production of the first transport r-24 motorcycle. And also started research and development work of r-51 motorcycle, BMW motorcycle manufacturing back to the line of work. So they can start again bolted to the dream of a car. Deutsche Bank is BMW's revival provides the necessary financial support, although there is no sign of the re-launch the car, but r24 motorcycle proved to be the market winner, they both road and track success. r-51 r-24 after the launch, as r-24, it is a direct successor to the original BMW motorcycle, who has the basic characteristics of the BMW - boxer twin engine and shaft drive. Then sell it in the car also can not afford the economic situation two and three motor is undoubtedly the most suitable transport. BMW motorcycle strongly attracted to those who want to rebuild their lives after the war German youth. Motorcycles have another advantage is that it can relax and entertainment for the public need to provide special race game. While Bao BMW 328 Ma age of the sports car world domination has in the past decade, when the outdated way of life, but the BMW 328 still have its uses of technology, all aspects of life, kindle to the bmw car, bmw British can not wait for the recovery, direct them to be improved. In 1945, the British re-328 type, 326 type have been able to recover. Americans loved the same type of 328, they bought the engine from the UK, the body re-design and processing power to 97kw, and then shipped to the U.S. market. However, the most successful one was Ernst Papadopoulou, in the late forties, he led several former bmw engineers baden · baden reconstruction workshop, follow the development of a series of 328 parts latest sports car, he put his BMW Series cars have become Willy Tasman. Willy Tasman Series cars both for the track also applies to highway driving. In the late forties and early fifties they were very successful road race in Germany, which raises the pre-war BMW built a strong memory of the great sporting tradition. Willy Tasman existing car is collection of treasures. Ernst Papadopoulou and their designers back in the fifties BMW, helping the company rebuild automotive department.
Common fault automobile shock absorber
Common fault automobile shock absorber To make the vibration of the frame and the rapid decay of the body, improve vehicle ride and driving comfort, vehicle suspension systems generally are equipped with shock absorbers, the car is currently widely used is the bi-acting tube damper.
Car shock absorber is used in the process of wearing parts, shock absorbers work good or bad, will directly affect the smooth running car and other parts of life, so we should make shock absorbers in good working condition always. The following methods can test whether the work of a good shock absorber.
1. Poor road conditions make the car driving on the road stop after 10km, touch shell shock absorber, if not hot enough, indicating no resistance to the internal shock absorbers, shock absorbers do not work. At this point, can be added to the appropriate lubricant, and then to test if the shell fever, compared with an internal shock absorber oil, should add a little oil; otherwise, indicating the shock absorber failure.
2. Press down firmly on the bumper, then release, if the car has 2 or 3 times jump, then the shock absorbers work well.
3. When the car slowly driving and emergency braking, if more severe vehicle vibration, indicating the shock absorber problem.
4. Remove the shock absorber to be upright, and the bottom of the folder in the vise on the connecting ring, tension and compression damping force lever several times, then there should be a stable resistance, pull up (recovery) should be greater than the resistance down pressure the resistance, such as resistance to unstable or no resistance may be short of oil within the shock absorber valve parts or damage should be repaired or replaced.
In determining the shock absorber problems or failure, it should first check whether the shock absorber oil or traces of old oil.
Seal gasket, sealing gasket rupture damage, oil storage cylinder head nut loose. May seal, gasket failure damaged, replace a new seals. If you still can not eliminate the leak, should pull the shock absorber, if they feel there is not a time card or severity, further examination of the piston and cylinder gap is too large, whether the shock absorber piston rod bending, piston rod cylinder surface and whether scratch or pull marks.
If the shock absorber phenomenon does not leak, you should check shock absorber connection pin, connecting rod, connection holes, such as whether there is damage to the rubber bushing, sealing off, break or fall off place. If the examination was normal, should be further broken down shock absorbers, check the piston and cylinder with the gap is too large, cylinder with or without injury, the valve seal is good, fit the valve and valve seat is tight, and done spring shock absorber is too soft or broken, where appropriate, adopt or grinding method for repair parts.
In addition, the shock absorber will appear in the actual use of the failure to issue sound, mainly due to shock absorbers and leaf springs, frame or shaft collide, damage or loss, and shock absorber pad dust tube deformation, fluid lack of other causes, reasons should be identified, to be repaired.
Shock absorber after the inspection, repair work in a special test stand performance test, the resistance frequency of 100 ± 1mm, its done and the compression stroke stroke resistance should be specified. As the biggest obstacle to the liberation of CAl091 done trip to 2156 ~ 2646N, compression stroke the biggest obstacle for the 392 ~ 588N; Dongfeng car trip done the biggest obstacle for the 2450 ~ 3038N, compression stroke the biggest obstacle for the 490 ~ 686N. If there is no test conditions, we can also use an empirical approach, which uses an iron bar penetration shock absorber lower rings, the legs slam with its two ends, pull both hands back and forth on the rings 2 to 4 times, when great resistance when pulling up, not down when the pressure was laborious, but the resistance to stretch has been restored with the repair than before, no sense of air-way, then the shock normal.
Car shock absorber is used in the process of wearing parts, shock absorbers work good or bad, will directly affect the smooth running car and other parts of life, so we should make shock absorbers in good working condition always. The following methods can test whether the work of a good shock absorber.
1. Poor road conditions make the car driving on the road stop after 10km, touch shell shock absorber, if not hot enough, indicating no resistance to the internal shock absorbers, shock absorbers do not work. At this point, can be added to the appropriate lubricant, and then to test if the shell fever, compared with an internal shock absorber oil, should add a little oil; otherwise, indicating the shock absorber failure.
2. Press down firmly on the bumper, then release, if the car has 2 or 3 times jump, then the shock absorbers work well.
3. When the car slowly driving and emergency braking, if more severe vehicle vibration, indicating the shock absorber problem.
4. Remove the shock absorber to be upright, and the bottom of the folder in the vise on the connecting ring, tension and compression damping force lever several times, then there should be a stable resistance, pull up (recovery) should be greater than the resistance down pressure the resistance, such as resistance to unstable or no resistance may be short of oil within the shock absorber valve parts or damage should be repaired or replaced.
In determining the shock absorber problems or failure, it should first check whether the shock absorber oil or traces of old oil.
Seal gasket, sealing gasket rupture damage, oil storage cylinder head nut loose. May seal, gasket failure damaged, replace a new seals. If you still can not eliminate the leak, should pull the shock absorber, if they feel there is not a time card or severity, further examination of the piston and cylinder gap is too large, whether the shock absorber piston rod bending, piston rod cylinder surface and whether scratch or pull marks.
If the shock absorber phenomenon does not leak, you should check shock absorber connection pin, connecting rod, connection holes, such as whether there is damage to the rubber bushing, sealing off, break or fall off place. If the examination was normal, should be further broken down shock absorbers, check the piston and cylinder with the gap is too large, cylinder with or without injury, the valve seal is good, fit the valve and valve seat is tight, and done spring shock absorber is too soft or broken, where appropriate, adopt or grinding method for repair parts.
In addition, the shock absorber will appear in the actual use of the failure to issue sound, mainly due to shock absorbers and leaf springs, frame or shaft collide, damage or loss, and shock absorber pad dust tube deformation, fluid lack of other causes, reasons should be identified, to be repaired.
Shock absorber after the inspection, repair work in a special test stand performance test, the resistance frequency of 100 ± 1mm, its done and the compression stroke stroke resistance should be specified. As the biggest obstacle to the liberation of CAl091 done trip to 2156 ~ 2646N, compression stroke the biggest obstacle for the 392 ~ 588N; Dongfeng car trip done the biggest obstacle for the 2450 ~ 3038N, compression stroke the biggest obstacle for the 490 ~ 686N. If there is no test conditions, we can also use an empirical approach, which uses an iron bar penetration shock absorber lower rings, the legs slam with its two ends, pull both hands back and forth on the rings 2 to 4 times, when great resistance when pulling up, not down when the pressure was laborious, but the resistance to stretch has been restored with the repair than before, no sense of air-way, then the shock normal.
Circuit fault
Circuit fault Driving car circuit failure, often need to take some temporary measures to aid. Here are some common circuit fault first aid. 1, the ignition key is lost or damaged under the ignition switch, with a wire connected directly, or to switch two columns with a lead connected to connected to the ignition circuit. 2, Distributor Rotor Distributor Rotor leakage leakage and breakage can be removed spring, mat coated with an insulating film or molten plastic battery cover, then replace the spring to first aid. Distributor Rotor serious damage, it is desirable a distributor of rubber dust cover, and tied it on a piece of metal, then the bottom cover on the distributor camshaft first aid. 3, sub-cap electrical leakage or damaged distributor cap string electric socket or outlet between the distributor to the outside leakage, leakage or string can be electric at the scrape, and coax with Weihuo to bake. If invalid, electricity or leakage in the string holes to play at the brick insulation. Distributor cap severely damaged, used cardboard and wire making a substitute distributor cap, distributor and fixed in first aid on the outside off. 4, electrical contact points spring break spring break electrical contact points, in the event contact between the arm and distributor cap stuffed with a distributor of rubber dust cover on the socket to replace the broken spring. However, low-voltage lines and activities should be directly connected to the contact arm, and be careful not to break the springs Ground. 5, electrical contact points with mild electrical contact points ablation ablation, can be "00" sandpaper grinding smooth, and the debris cleaned up. Electrical contact points of serious erosion, can be replaced by electric horn relay. However, wiring, ignition system should pay attention to the horn relay coil low voltage circuit and parallel circuit, and adjust the distributor to the ignition time delay 25-30 degrees. 6, capacitor failure capacitor failure of the capacitor can be used instead of speakers. Is: will a lead Ground, the other low-voltage electrical wire line access points next column. Speaker function so that this method will fail, should pay attention to traffic safety. Automotive repair and maintenance network 7, the ignition coil ignition coil overheating overheating, cooling can be used wet towel. But not a towel wrapped terminal to prevent Ground. 8, spark plugs, spark plug leakage slight leakage, can be 'hanging fire' approach to aid. The method is to use a small hose were set at the spark plug terminal and high-pressure points online, and to both of who have maintained 4-5MM distance. But traffic, should prevent carburetor and tubing joints leak, a fire-free. 9, the regulator damage FT61-type regulator and JFT149 regulator can be directly interchangeable, since the same connection method. If that is not a substitution can not be repaired, you can remove the regulator on the "" pole and "F" terminal on the wire pole, and a connection between the two conductors 8-13 ohm resistor or auto tail light bulb for first aid. But the connection can not work too long.
Car tire, skid disposal and other special circumstances
Car tire, skid disposal and other special circumstances
Travel by car, the face of complex traffic, changing weather, you will likely encounter some of the usually rare danger. Encounter these special circumstances, how will you react? How should we go about it? In fact, just keep a clear head, take the right approach, we can save the day. To this end, the reporter ask for advice to the industry, teach you to crack the top five long-distance road danger. "
Beware of the weather getting hot tire puncture
May 15, Beijing-Zhuhai expressway, a "Beijing" plate of the vehicle is in motion, sudden flat tire rollover accident. Fortunately, the airbag to open in time, and board staff are tied seat belts, although the injury was not life threatening.
"This car has been worn for two was no pattern of the tire, with insufficient air pressure, the heat generated by friction with the ground too much, which caused the puncture. With the advent of summer, this accident will be more more. "provincial high-speed traffic police detachment Liulin brigade to police reports, according to high-speed traffic police departments deal with the accident statistics, the summer due to a puncture caused by traffic accidents accounted for 36% of the total accidents.
"From the highway in recent years to analyze the case of a puncture, puncture occurred in a number of heavy vehicles, individual vehicles and on some imported cars, mainly because of tire wear gauge, the use of retreaded tires, loaded unreasonable pressure is not normal, speeding, etc., and some imports is mainly due to the tire puncture the driver can not correctly read most of our imported car tire marks and thus can not choose the right side of the tire caused. "The parties.
Crack method: straight forward and quickly grab hanging low gear, the use of engine braking resistance of vehicles. When the engine speed before braking effect has not been brought under control, do not use the parking brake to avoid broaching the vehicle more dangerous place, but also to the preparation time after the car to avoid collision clusters.
Car skid
Generated in the moving car sliding for many reasons: a small road in the adhesion, the muddy roads; emergency braking, sudden acceleration, deceleration, or play the steering wheel; in the corners, ramps, uneven road speed too fast; car front and rear brake uneven tire pressure does not meet the requirements of tire tread wear normal; driving in slippery road surface, front and rear brake clearance inconsistent, front brake light, rear brake when weight and so on.
Break: If the brake caused the slide, should immediately stop braking, reduce the throttle while sliding the side of the steering wheel, hit the direction or duration can not be too fast for too long, otherwise the vehicle may be the opposite direction of the slide. Because the stop brake, locking the wheels to lift the state, thus making lateral adhesion is improved. Turning the steering wheel toward the sliding direction of the vehicle turning radius to increase, to reduce the centrifugal force. After the car is back to steady the steering wheel to its original position.
Try not to use the skid brake and clutch to make the state to maintain engagement with the engine braking to slow down. To prevent sliding, speed must be slowed down, according to the road conditions can not exceed the prescribed speed. When driving on slippery roads each start, stop, turn have to be slow, thus reducing sideslip. Use the brake to be used when pumping to avoid the foot brake the car died.
Broken windscreen
Vehicle at high speeds, the vehicle in front of the rear wheel off Yang Shi, possible to break the windshield of the trailing vehicle, which can cause blurred vision. Although the chances of this happening is relatively low, but that is why we need the understanding of response methods to prepare for contingencies.
Break: If the traffic encounter such an emergency situation, we must reduce the speed, and the left lane as soon as possible. At the same time to remain calm, do not suddenly turn the steering wheel or brake too hard.
Travel by car, the face of complex traffic, changing weather, you will likely encounter some of the usually rare danger. Encounter these special circumstances, how will you react? How should we go about it? In fact, just keep a clear head, take the right approach, we can save the day. To this end, the reporter ask for advice to the industry, teach you to crack the top five long-distance road danger. "
Beware of the weather getting hot tire puncture
May 15, Beijing-Zhuhai expressway, a "Beijing" plate of the vehicle is in motion, sudden flat tire rollover accident. Fortunately, the airbag to open in time, and board staff are tied seat belts, although the injury was not life threatening.
"This car has been worn for two was no pattern of the tire, with insufficient air pressure, the heat generated by friction with the ground too much, which caused the puncture. With the advent of summer, this accident will be more more. "provincial high-speed traffic police detachment Liulin brigade to police reports, according to high-speed traffic police departments deal with the accident statistics, the summer due to a puncture caused by traffic accidents accounted for 36% of the total accidents.
"From the highway in recent years to analyze the case of a puncture, puncture occurred in a number of heavy vehicles, individual vehicles and on some imported cars, mainly because of tire wear gauge, the use of retreaded tires, loaded unreasonable pressure is not normal, speeding, etc., and some imports is mainly due to the tire puncture the driver can not correctly read most of our imported car tire marks and thus can not choose the right side of the tire caused. "The parties.
Crack method: straight forward and quickly grab hanging low gear, the use of engine braking resistance of vehicles. When the engine speed before braking effect has not been brought under control, do not use the parking brake to avoid broaching the vehicle more dangerous place, but also to the preparation time after the car to avoid collision clusters.
Car skid
Generated in the moving car sliding for many reasons: a small road in the adhesion, the muddy roads; emergency braking, sudden acceleration, deceleration, or play the steering wheel; in the corners, ramps, uneven road speed too fast; car front and rear brake uneven tire pressure does not meet the requirements of tire tread wear normal; driving in slippery road surface, front and rear brake clearance inconsistent, front brake light, rear brake when weight and so on.
Break: If the brake caused the slide, should immediately stop braking, reduce the throttle while sliding the side of the steering wheel, hit the direction or duration can not be too fast for too long, otherwise the vehicle may be the opposite direction of the slide. Because the stop brake, locking the wheels to lift the state, thus making lateral adhesion is improved. Turning the steering wheel toward the sliding direction of the vehicle turning radius to increase, to reduce the centrifugal force. After the car is back to steady the steering wheel to its original position.
Try not to use the skid brake and clutch to make the state to maintain engagement with the engine braking to slow down. To prevent sliding, speed must be slowed down, according to the road conditions can not exceed the prescribed speed. When driving on slippery roads each start, stop, turn have to be slow, thus reducing sideslip. Use the brake to be used when pumping to avoid the foot brake the car died.
Broken windscreen
Vehicle at high speeds, the vehicle in front of the rear wheel off Yang Shi, possible to break the windshield of the trailing vehicle, which can cause blurred vision. Although the chances of this happening is relatively low, but that is why we need the understanding of response methods to prepare for contingencies.
Break: If the traffic encounter such an emergency situation, we must reduce the speed, and the left lane as soon as possible. At the same time to remain calm, do not suddenly turn the steering wheel or brake too hard.
BMW 750Li flame failure cases for no reason
BMW 750Li flame failure cases for no reason Model: 750Li engine chassis E65 N62
Symptom: vehicles in the process, there have been several auto turn off problem, every time
the car again barely. But after the last turn off, however hard, start the engine do not
have any signs, vehicles had to be dragged into the repair shop to be checked.
Troubleshooting: First the test, the ignition key into the CAS outlet, press the start
button, the dashboard appears "Drivingstabilityaffected" warning message, the meaning of
driving stability system fault. Slam the brake pedal, hold down the start button, the
dashboard appears "dynamicdriveinactive" warning, meaning the dynamic driving system is not
activated. Ready to lift the vehicle into the repair station, but no matter how toggle on
the steering column shift lever, transmission, have been locked in the P file, and the
dashboard display "Traansmissionfailsafedrivemoderaterly" warning, meaning failure to start
automatic transmission Safe Mode. In addition, throughout the testing process, dashboard
engine warning light had not lit, indicating that DME control module of the power supply is
not connected.
GT1 tester connected to self-diagnosis, click on the Quick test, the entire vehicle
electronic control system into the scanner, the detector did not search DME, VTC electronic
control system. After scanning the information into the list of interface failure, a number
of electronic control systems have fault codes stored records are as follows:
1CIM central chassis electronic control system has a fault code stored
5D35 vertical Hall-effect sensor no signal, the current does not exist
2ZGM (CAN / Byteflight) central gateway electronic control system has five fault codes
stored
D711EHC control module KCAN bus communication failure, the current does not exist
9C90IHKA DME control module engine control module communication failure, the current exists.
D1E1ARS DME control module CAN bus from the cooling temperature signal failure, the current
existence of
D98FCIM system control module engine control module information is missing, currently
exists.
CF16EGS control module engine control system information is missing, currently exists.
3EDC electronic damping control system there are two fault codes stored
5FFD electronic damping control system wake-up bus failure, the current existence of
5FFE bus voltage on the negative short-circuit current exists
4SCM-SIM electronic control system has a fault code
93FC system voltage is too low, does not currently exist.
Detector will return to GT1 diagnostic main menu, click on the Quick Delete, the entire
vehicle electronic control system for the fault code cleared, after re-query CIM, EDC, SCM-
SIM electronic control system trouble code is cleared, ZGM Central Gateway only the
electronic control system malfunction code D98FCF16. Try to start the vehicle, the engine is
still no response. GT1 tester can not be combined with the previous search engine control
system can determine the fault appears in the DME control module and its connections, the
DME control module so check the power cable ground wire, click on the function selection
key, find the DME electronic control system The power supply circuit diagram, the figure
shows three fuses were used, components are marked F34.F40.F001. the actual examination,
were good. To rule out the possibility of bad connections in the engine compartment of the
electronic control box to find the right DME control module, the control circuit, the power
and ground pins for testing, are normal, thus excluding the power supply side of the fault
may sex.
The next step is to identify the GT1 tester DME control module search not the reason.
According to information we can see, VTC use LOCAN bus to communicate with the DME control
module connector, LOCAN bus belonging to the engine control system LAN bus, VTC control
module only through the DME control module can be the gateway control module identification,
and thus can not search GT1 Tester to. So long as the DME control module to solve the
communication problems, VTC communication problems will be solved. Relevant information,
that is PTCAN DME control module bus users, the bus is also connected ARSEDCEGSDSCEMF other
control modules, only DME control module is not searchable, indicating that there are two
possibilities, one car DME control module is damaged, two DME is a bus connection control
module PTCAN bad.
PTCAN bus measurement
Resistance measurement method. In order to avoid signal reflection effect, PTCAN bus
with a LOW / HIGH two-wire, wire, connecting a 120 ohm resistor, as an alternative
resistance. Disconnect the control module in the wiring harness plug, you can use the method
of measuring the resistance between the double check, because the line is parallel, the
resistance should be 60 Euro DC voltage measurement method. Turn the ignition switch and the
engine not operating under the conditions by measuring two-to-ground voltage, to determine
whether there is a short or open PTCAN failure. The standard values ??are measured line
2.4VHOGH line LOW 2.6V
Waveform measurement. In turn the ignition switch and the engine is not running
conditions, you can use the oscilloscope PTCAN bus signal waveform measurements, the
measurement should be the standard value as LOW output 2.5, ~ 3.3V square wave signal, HIGH
output line should be 3.5 ~ 5.0 v square wave signal.
DME control module wake-up function, which is achieved through the bus, which means that
the vehicle starts the process, the start button signal is not sent directly to the DME
control module, but first sent to the control module CAS, CAS control module in the ignition
key After testing the legality of, and through a separate data line, wake to the relevant
instructions issued by the control module (ie the 15th power signal), which is called 15WUP
bus data lines, along with PTCAN bus, designed with a protection sets the special wiring
harness. The next job is to PTCAN test bus and the bus 5WUP actual measurements. Consistent
with the standard measurement system. To be prudent, the DSC control module has been
measured, the measurement value is completely normal. At this point you can determine the
cause of the malfunction DME control module damage. After the failure to replace the DME
troubleshooting summary E65 chassis models, using the vehicle's communication bus network,
and his central network control module (ZGM) is the GT1 tester and the vehicle electronic
control system diagnostic communication interface, if PTCAN DME can not be found on only to,
you can issue simple, direct detection of DME on the line.
Symptom: vehicles in the process, there have been several auto turn off problem, every time
the car again barely. But after the last turn off, however hard, start the engine do not
have any signs, vehicles had to be dragged into the repair shop to be checked.
Troubleshooting: First the test, the ignition key into the CAS outlet, press the start
button, the dashboard appears "Drivingstabilityaffected" warning message, the meaning of
driving stability system fault. Slam the brake pedal, hold down the start button, the
dashboard appears "dynamicdriveinactive" warning, meaning the dynamic driving system is not
activated. Ready to lift the vehicle into the repair station, but no matter how toggle on
the steering column shift lever, transmission, have been locked in the P file, and the
dashboard display "Traansmissionfailsafedrivemoderaterly" warning, meaning failure to start
automatic transmission Safe Mode. In addition, throughout the testing process, dashboard
engine warning light had not lit, indicating that DME control module of the power supply is
not connected.
GT1 tester connected to self-diagnosis, click on the Quick test, the entire vehicle
electronic control system into the scanner, the detector did not search DME, VTC electronic
control system. After scanning the information into the list of interface failure, a number
of electronic control systems have fault codes stored records are as follows:
1CIM central chassis electronic control system has a fault code stored
5D35 vertical Hall-effect sensor no signal, the current does not exist
2ZGM (CAN / Byteflight) central gateway electronic control system has five fault codes
stored
D711EHC control module KCAN bus communication failure, the current does not exist
9C90IHKA DME control module engine control module communication failure, the current exists.
D1E1ARS DME control module CAN bus from the cooling temperature signal failure, the current
existence of
D98FCIM system control module engine control module information is missing, currently
exists.
CF16EGS control module engine control system information is missing, currently exists.
3EDC electronic damping control system there are two fault codes stored
5FFD electronic damping control system wake-up bus failure, the current existence of
5FFE bus voltage on the negative short-circuit current exists
4SCM-SIM electronic control system has a fault code
93FC system voltage is too low, does not currently exist.
Detector will return to GT1 diagnostic main menu, click on the Quick Delete, the entire
vehicle electronic control system for the fault code cleared, after re-query CIM, EDC, SCM-
SIM electronic control system trouble code is cleared, ZGM Central Gateway only the
electronic control system malfunction code D98FCF16. Try to start the vehicle, the engine is
still no response. GT1 tester can not be combined with the previous search engine control
system can determine the fault appears in the DME control module and its connections, the
DME control module so check the power cable ground wire, click on the function selection
key, find the DME electronic control system The power supply circuit diagram, the figure
shows three fuses were used, components are marked F34.F40.F001. the actual examination,
were good. To rule out the possibility of bad connections in the engine compartment of the
electronic control box to find the right DME control module, the control circuit, the power
and ground pins for testing, are normal, thus excluding the power supply side of the fault
may sex.
The next step is to identify the GT1 tester DME control module search not the reason.
According to information we can see, VTC use LOCAN bus to communicate with the DME control
module connector, LOCAN bus belonging to the engine control system LAN bus, VTC control
module only through the DME control module can be the gateway control module identification,
and thus can not search GT1 Tester to. So long as the DME control module to solve the
communication problems, VTC communication problems will be solved. Relevant information,
that is PTCAN DME control module bus users, the bus is also connected ARSEDCEGSDSCEMF other
control modules, only DME control module is not searchable, indicating that there are two
possibilities, one car DME control module is damaged, two DME is a bus connection control
module PTCAN bad.
PTCAN bus measurement
Resistance measurement method. In order to avoid signal reflection effect, PTCAN bus
with a LOW / HIGH two-wire, wire, connecting a 120 ohm resistor, as an alternative
resistance. Disconnect the control module in the wiring harness plug, you can use the method
of measuring the resistance between the double check, because the line is parallel, the
resistance should be 60 Euro DC voltage measurement method. Turn the ignition switch and the
engine not operating under the conditions by measuring two-to-ground voltage, to determine
whether there is a short or open PTCAN failure. The standard values ??are measured line
2.4VHOGH line LOW 2.6V
Waveform measurement. In turn the ignition switch and the engine is not running
conditions, you can use the oscilloscope PTCAN bus signal waveform measurements, the
measurement should be the standard value as LOW output 2.5, ~ 3.3V square wave signal, HIGH
output line should be 3.5 ~ 5.0 v square wave signal.
DME control module wake-up function, which is achieved through the bus, which means that
the vehicle starts the process, the start button signal is not sent directly to the DME
control module, but first sent to the control module CAS, CAS control module in the ignition
key After testing the legality of, and through a separate data line, wake to the relevant
instructions issued by the control module (ie the 15th power signal), which is called 15WUP
bus data lines, along with PTCAN bus, designed with a protection sets the special wiring
harness. The next job is to PTCAN test bus and the bus 5WUP actual measurements. Consistent
with the standard measurement system. To be prudent, the DSC control module has been
measured, the measurement value is completely normal. At this point you can determine the
cause of the malfunction DME control module damage. After the failure to replace the DME
troubleshooting summary E65 chassis models, using the vehicle's communication bus network,
and his central network control module (ZGM) is the GT1 tester and the vehicle electronic
control system diagnostic communication interface, if PTCAN DME can not be found on only to,
you can issue simple, direct detection of DME on the line.
BMW 501: a sign of new beginning
BMW 501: a sign of new beginning October 1952, bmw and then finally put into automotive, manufacturing 501 cars pre-war system of four-door car that sets the pre-war six cylinder 2 liters engine, single carburetor, BMW Can only provide 48kw of power. As the other equipment is a new design, new luxury cars will weigh 3000 pounds, although the top speed of 135 km, but the speed to 96km / h you need more than half a minute. The old BMW engine as the only short-term solutions, engineers are designing 3.2 l v8 engine, its output far more than the old-fashioned horsepower six-cylinder engine. The new plant, equipment and manpower is a major investment in risky action, producing luxury cars if the decision is wrong, then the company will face the possibility of financial collapse. But the fact that customers still like the BMW 501, an endless stream of vehicles pulled out of the factory, to 502 in 1955 was replaced by a total of 501 cars manufactured 5692. In the production of 501 years, it has undergone a series of engine improvements. Fitted with a 12v electronic system, a dual-chamber Solihull Fox carburetor, a new camshaft and new zf gearbox. It was not until 1954 v8 engine came only after a real revolution. 502 501 was replaced by this new engine is the people wistfully German first alloy made of large displacement v8 engine. Initially it can produce 95 horsepower, but the future continue to be strengthened. 502 luxury cars work well, the maximum speed of nearly 160 km, and has good acceleration. Its sales began to grow. 1955, BMW has introduced two new cars, enough to make the company return to pre-war status. The sporty 503 marks the return to the BMW 315 and 328 as the representative of the traditional production of high-performance car, its top speed of 190 km, but not sales. 507 too, but in the thirties after a BMW car in the most popular. The late fifties, when the German economic miracle continues, people can increase disposable income after the car became more and more people dream of. But for most buyers, have a cheap small car is real, although it may not be comfortable. So 1955 BMW from its luxury v8 series to the other extreme - to provide customers with a minimum of cars, people no longer have to find a parking space to worry about, do not bother to repair the damage to those tiny . The car is called Yi Seta, part of the fifties so-called "bubble car." It is an Italian refrigerator manufacturer design. BMW is licensed to produce one of several companies. It does directly into the small parking space. Only a distance of many luxury v8 series can finally buy a Yi Seta a. BMW sold 160,000 Yi Seta, and later models are also fitted with a 600cc BMW motorcycle engine. Ironically it is precisely this car to help a strange car BMW survived, it's enough to make sales of the company have the ability to produce new series of 700 sports car. BMW (15)
BMW motor sport with some Big Brothe
BMW motor sport with some Big Brother, such as Fiat, Ford, Renault, Rolls-Royce by comparison appears to be a very young depot. But in the 1930s it produced the world's best sports cars and luxury cars, it damage from World War II and the financial recession in the 1950s to recover. Early 1970s, it once again become the world's high-performance luxury sedan on the market and one of the protagonists, and has continued ever since. BMW's full name is the Bavarian car manufacturer. It is a manufacturing aircraft engine company registered in March 1916. This company's first successful products designed by Fizz inline six-cylinder engine, assembled in Germany when World War I fighter planes. German ace Ernst Ude, especially a large part of their success thanks to the BMW engine.
When people sit in the car ready to leave
When people sit in the car ready to leave, they found that the engine can not start, this is very very upset things. But sometimes, the engine does not start, just because some small problems caused by, if you understand these reasons, understanding the basics of car repair basic problems can be resolved as quickly as possible, this is only the most basic car repair knowledge, I hope you can turn the Knowledge of automotive repair, to prevent your car can be a small problem when their own repairs. First check the distributor, spark plugs, power lines, etc. Is it because the rain and other wet car, and if so, can damp mechanical dry, and then launch. Second, check the spark plug is damaged, if damaged, replace spark plugs as long as you can. Third, check the battery voltage is adequate. Sometimes, forget parking lights, a long time, it may run out of power. If so, the car linked to second gear, foot clutch, drag car (generally not recommended, good to find someone to push it), when traveling to a certain speed, release the clutch, twist the ignition switch (not generally recommended , should be pushed to open before the ignition switch to ON stall), the car can start. If the generator in question, this method does not work. Shift when the engine is off Moving the shift, if the practices, but the phenomenon appears stalled, need to check the following issues: First, look at the stability of idle, idle is too low, or if the unstable idle idle low, as long as the idle speed can be adjusted to normal. But also to tighten the idle valve, plug tight. Secondly, if the idle is normal, it may be clogged carburetor, you need to clean the carburetor professional repair station. High speed when the steering wheel tremor Car at high speed or high speed driving in a driving instability occurs, swing, and even the steering wheel shake, the reasons for this situation are the following: 1, front wheel angle inaccurate, the first beam is too large. 2, the front tire because the tire pressure is too low or uneven patches and other reasons start. 3, front tire bolt deformation or the number of spokes varies. 4, transmission parts installed loose. 5, shaft bending, power imbalances, front axle deformation. 6, shock absorber failure Edit this paragraph, there are two cases high-speed oscillating First, with the increased speed runout getting strong, and second, there is a high speed runout, and cause the steering wheel shake. You can set up the first drive axle, front wheel stopper safety plugs block, start the engine and gradually change into high gear, the drive wheels to shimmy speed of the final test. If the body and steering wheel are now shakes, was caused by runout transmission. Because at this front-wheel front axle in a quiescent state, if the runout speed up the final test, the car does not appear jitter, the runout of the car before the bridge part of the reason is that there is a fault; check the positioning of the front wheel angle and toe meets the requirements should be adjusted as inaccurate; erected before the bridge turn the wheel test to check whether the wheel and tire balancing of the deformation is too large. When necessary for a good wheel comparison test; check the front axle, the frame is deformed, check the shaft is bent, should be made conditional shaft balancing. Turned to heavy Turned to heavy more reasons, but usually the following points: First, the lack of tire pressure, especially lack of front-wheel pressure, steering would be more difficult. Second, the lack of power steering fluid, need to add power steering fluid. Third, the front wheel are not allowed, the need for wheel alignment test. Deviation when driving Check the deviation, usually in motion, straighten the steering wheel, then release the steering wheel driving to see if the car is straight. If you do not walk a straight line, that is deviation. The first deviation about tire pressure may be due to inconsistencies resulting from the need to insufficient tire inflation. Second, the front wheel alignment may be allowed. Camber, kingpin kingpin angle or angles ranging from small or negative before the beam before the beam can cause deviation, must go to a professional repair station inspection.
Automotive transmission disassembly Note
Automotive transmission disassembly Note 1, remove the screw joints, the transmission and drive shaft universal joints separated; then remove the clutch cover screws, so that the transmission and clutch; If the remote control of the transmission, the transmission control mechanism will be the final separation of body will be removed from the vehicle transmission. 2, cleaning of sludge and dirt outside the transmission, to protect the front and rear of the shaft. 3, decentralization of the oil drain plug screw, put the net in the gearbox oil, then tighten the oil drain plug is good. 4, looking for a clean and dust-free space, the use of tools and copper removal, demolition began transmission. The demolition order is generally: transmission cover, the first axis, second axis, intermediate shaft, reverse gear shaft. 5, disassemble parts, the first optimistic about the direction and location of the original parts after demolition, if necessary, make a record; removed by demolition order the parts, sub-parts in good order, if necessary, line or wire used to order the parts string together; gear can be set according to the original orientation and position of the shaft, to prevent loading the wrong or missing equipment. 6, removal of all parts should be clean, and do the appropriate checks can not continue to use and should be replaced; demolished over the oil seal, gasket generally should not continue to use, should be replaced. 7, before assembly of the bearings, oil seals, shaft keyway, gear box and transmission of the bore hole of the bearing oil or gear oil paint, and to replace the oil soaked pad of paper. 8, assembly and disassembly sequence in reverse order, that is, the parts removed after the first load, so that all parts are installed to the original position, always turn to the installation process with the pieces, pay attention to the direction of the seal and shall not damaged. 9, the installation of the transmission cover, should check the site a seamless installation of parts, the shaft and axial movement of the fixed gear there, throughout the paper pad is intact, whether all of the gear within the gear tooth width at all; with hands and struck sliding gear, to see whether the axial movement to engage the whole tooth width; the first axis of rotation by hand, try the block, respectively, should be flexible and smooth rotation, no jam phenomenon. Body in accordance with the regulations by adding an appropriate amount of gearbox oil. 10, the fork into and fixed to the corresponding fork shaft, then the fork shaft into a corresponding hole in the gearbox cover. Install fork shaft to the attention of the self-locking and interlocking institutions into the corresponding holes in fork shaft has three slots on one side response is self-locking ball direction, fork shaft has a groove of a side of the body are interlocked. The axes are in place after the fork, placing neutral position, the sliding speed transmission are also placed in neutral gear position, the transmission to the transmission box mounted on the cover, this time, just install the fork to the appropriate gear allocated slot, install the bolt, and the order in accordance with regulations prescribed torque the bolts to hang with the gear shift into a different block, followed by smooth Guadang check, if not linked, it can be gently back and forth The first axis of rotation, if not still hanging on the inspection cover should be removed. 11 bottles, to the commissioning, the block should be flexible rotation, no oil leakage, oil spills and jam phenomenon, does not allow under any gear jump stop, block random phenomenon, the shift should be light and comfortable not unusual noise and overheating.
Automotive repair and maintenance "Fudge list"
Automotive repair and maintenance "Fudge list" Fudge list 1: car instant cooling Fudge: make instant hot car auto market after cooling Lui, when the car is called a "fast car with a spray cooling agent" attracted to the product known as "King of cool", even if the car in the desert environment of the sun exposure for two hours, car warm up to above 60 ℃, just lightly spray a few seconds to "cool and pleasant." A look at the price, only tens of dollars, he bought a bottle out of curiosity. Spray in the car in a few so-called "moment" there is a cooling effect, but only just a few seconds, while the car was filled with a difficult to dissipate the odor. Chu Comments: these so-called rapid cooling spray automotive products, in the summer particularly attractive to owners of the concern, said the use of special cooling material, the use of heat transfer of the energy conservation law, spray a few reached the whole truck refrigeration effect, but most of the business hype. If this really is so good, not to mention the car air conditioning superfluous, and even home air conditioning can be replaced. Fudge Top 2: fuel saver, fuel-efficient ball, fuel paste flicker: a "magic" of the far-infrared photon energy saving effect of fuel-efficient ball, × × nano fuel saver, × × environmental fuel-saving device ... in auto market, different brands of fuel-efficient products are numerous, each saving devices have claimed works scientific and reliable, for example, "the use of far infrared penetration of key technical changes and activation of molecular oxygen gas molecules can reach to help fuel burn and effect "," will add to the rubber hose inside the nano-materials, crushed aggregate oil molecules into a single oil molecule, can promote the fuel into the cylinder to mix with the air and thus achieve complete combustion. " It sounds really making a fuss. Chu Comments: fuel saver, fuel-efficient ball, saving stickers, most of the products purely Fudge! For example, claims that the use of infrared energy to achieve fuel efficiency of products, in fact, infrared energy will lead to more volatile gasoline, do not know what it works? Some say, use the "nano" technology, nanotechnology is not the energy to combustion? If the product is really good, why so many car manufacturers do not use it? However, the cost of a fuel saver car prices accounted for a tiny fraction. Therefore, fuel-saving device, but is a "perpetual motion machine" concept, purely flicker. Fudge Top 3: oil cleaning additives Fudge: self-cleaning oil, do not have to do maintenance and repair shop in the repair, even if the vehicle is dirty oil passing blockage, it needs cleaning, the master recommended that owners generally do a professional oil clean up, but requires a certain fee. Auto market, a lot of "clean oil gasoline additive," and some instructions on the product claim is the adoption of high-tech nano-technology, can automatically clean the oil to remove dirt and oil, to increase vehicle power and reduce fuel consumption results. Attract car owners is to use these products not only add convenience, only 100 yuan will be able to "clean their own oil," do not have to repair shop to do the professional cleaning projects. However, do not be these "benefits" temptation. Chu Comments: oil cleaner manufacturing threshold is not high, making some of the shoddy small brands flooding the market. If the owners of Figure provincial money to buy these inferior products, not only did not clean the oil well, may also damage the engine. It should be noted that oil is the main component of glial dirt, cleaning agents known if the oil can dissolve the resin or separated, then the corrosion of oil may also not dirt in place. If the ingredients of these products can burn, burning may change the value and the ignition, burning rate, a large impact on the engine; if claiming a non-combustion products, may be deposited on the cylinder walls, valves, spark plugs, etc., then destroy car is only a matter of time. Fudge Top 4: anti-wear agent Fudge: free oil, a significant reduction in emissions on the automotive products market, kind of new products that allow vehicle use, oil-free travel to withstand hundreds of kilometers. Threshold due to technical issues, such products on the market is the "Trail of the dragon", and shoddy products such as mushroom emerge. However, the owner is indeed a temptation - did not have to frequently spend several hundred dollars for oil. Some product description says, not only for demolition repair, vehicle repair parts can wear to "fuel reduction" - 30% fuel savings, can reduce exhaust emissions from two to 10 times and the like, known as absolute green! Recommended that owners or used under the guidance of professionals. Chu Comments: In fact, most of the "anti-wear agent" works by sedimentation and adsorption to fill the gap piston and cylinder wall wear, but to attempt to pass such a small product will let the engine crankshaft, bearings, gears, valves and other metal parts will not be deposited thicker, it seems a bit exaggerated. Adding anti-wear additives and agents may cause the oil layer and other disorders, the owner should choose carefully! The product claims to "significantly" reduce exhaust emissions, vehicle manufacturers recommend candidates to the inventor, should be favored. Fudge Top 5: The magnetic device flicker oxygen: Oxygen has become the vehicle exhaust Elantra owners to repair the master Chen recommended a magnetic filter oxygen device. The packaging of the product says: add it to the exhaust manifold, the exhaust gas can be magnetized, but also produce oxygen, so that aerobic burn more thoroughly and to improve engine power, driving on different roads, saving fuel 6% to 16%! Chen spent 500 yuan a month bought used, did not feel the effect, but it got him into some trouble - back to the shop to clean the unit regularly. Chu Comments: trying to make the exhaust gas into the magnetic field to oxygen, a bit more difficult in principle. Oxygen gas into a pyrolysis reaction are generally laboratory cracking furnace volume such as refrigerators, industrial cracking furnace volume bigger than the tanker. So small a magnetic device if the exaggerated role of oxygen, extra vigilant on the owner! In fact, there is only one of these products plus a piece of iron pipe magnet, not much technical content, and disconnect the intake manifold is the same. After using, but inhalation of dust may lead to the cylinder, increasing wear and tear. So use it with caution! Fudge Top 6: GPS car navigation Fudge: precise positioning, powerful if the number of auto parts supplies to the most common products on the market, car GPS navigation is definitely considered one. Brand as much as dazzling. Each of the instructions are known as positioning itself as "accurate" and powerful. However, the Provincial Quality Supervision Bureau has recently let a sampling of some brands of "lies" to escape detection. By Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Dongguan, samples of 40 batches of four city-car navigation products and found that up to 3 / 4 of a substandard product, system positioning accuracy was only half of eligible projects, and "radiated interference field strong "project sample batch pass rate is only half the system is not longitude, latitude information display, simply can not locate the accuracy of detection of products more than half. Chu Comments: GPS car navigation as the blacklist list does not flicker wronged, because of the uneven quality of products on the market, and some businesses even put together their own use of waste products out of the so-called latest GPS navigation products. These products not only in the case of false arguments, and the positioning accuracy is not high, prone to mislead; radiated interference field strength of the products, long-term use can cause driver headaches, insomnia, and memory impairment. GPS car navigation but the "road blind," a family of novice drivers were particularly fond of using the product. But, you know, some products have such a strong radiation power and so guiding the weak feature, also Ganluan buy it
Automotive computer control system maintenance
Automotive computer control system maintenance 1) Do the engine running off the battery cable to prevent loss of load caused by the generator voltage is too high can damage your computer.
2) When the engine fault light (CHECKENGINE) is lit, the fault did not disconnect the battery before repairing the computer line to prevent the trouble code is stored in clear. Difficult to repair.
3) prohibit the use of multiple batteries in series or start power supply to start the vehicle.
4) Do not do high-voltage flash experiments, in order to avoid potential damage to the computer self-inductance.
5) vehicles to burn welding should first disconnect the battery cable. Remove the computer.
6) the majority of car engine computers have a permanent power source, disconnect the battery before disassembly ban on computer, to avoid potential self-inductance caused by damage to the computer.
7) Do not plug in the engine running with the inductive nature of computer-related components.
8) in the detection of computer-related components as much as possible with a digital multimeter, multimeter test such as the use of computer-related devices over when to use resistance 20KΩ impedance multimeter.
9) In the absence of absolute certainty in the case do not use test lamps to test any and computer-related devices.
10) Do not install the battery polarity is connected correctly.
11) No water in the washing vehicles, washing computers and related components.
12) fuel injection system, electric fuel pump by the air flow meter or computer control. After the ignition switch is turned on only when the engine is running or starting circuit when the pump can be connected. Non-modified fuel pump circuit, turn off the engine to prevent fuel exhaustion, fuel pump continues to operate a spark of fire.
13) car paint if the paint needs to enter the room, you must remove all the computers in order to avoid heat damage.
14) repair airbag vehicle, you must first disconnect the power after a few minutes to repair. Measured with a multimeter with non-airbag-related components and control devices cited violence. To prevent accidental air bag open.
2) When the engine fault light (CHECKENGINE) is lit, the fault did not disconnect the battery before repairing the computer line to prevent the trouble code is stored in clear. Difficult to repair.
3) prohibit the use of multiple batteries in series or start power supply to start the vehicle.
4) Do not do high-voltage flash experiments, in order to avoid potential damage to the computer self-inductance.
5) vehicles to burn welding should first disconnect the battery cable. Remove the computer.
6) the majority of car engine computers have a permanent power source, disconnect the battery before disassembly ban on computer, to avoid potential self-inductance caused by damage to the computer.
7) Do not plug in the engine running with the inductive nature of computer-related components.
8) in the detection of computer-related components as much as possible with a digital multimeter, multimeter test such as the use of computer-related devices over when to use resistance 20KΩ impedance multimeter.
9) In the absence of absolute certainty in the case do not use test lamps to test any and computer-related devices.
10) Do not install the battery polarity is connected correctly.
11) No water in the washing vehicles, washing computers and related components.
12) fuel injection system, electric fuel pump by the air flow meter or computer control. After the ignition switch is turned on only when the engine is running or starting circuit when the pump can be connected. Non-modified fuel pump circuit, turn off the engine to prevent fuel exhaustion, fuel pump continues to operate a spark of fire.
13) car paint if the paint needs to enter the room, you must remove all the computers in order to avoid heat damage.
14) repair airbag vehicle, you must first disconnect the power after a few minutes to repair. Measured with a multimeter with non-airbag-related components and control devices cited violence. To prevent accidental air bag open.
Automatic transmission failure
Automatic transmission failure Once the faulty automatic transmission, should be sent to plant maintenance, trouble-free operation can not be with, to avoid greater losses. Automatic transmission repair tools used auto lot, generally have the following: internal and external hex wrench,, socket, torque wrench, pliers, gun son, file, tap, bearings, bushings, locating ring clamp, electric wrench, ratchet, jack, security holder, electric lift, dial indicator, feeler gauge, multimeter, and the fault detector and so on. Auto repair turbine maintenance Automatic Transmission routine inspection items include: automatic transmission oil, oil level check, oil check, automatic transmission fluid leak checks, checks the engine throttle opening, gear selector lever gear check, automatic transmission of the control switching checks, the engine idle speed inspection. Fault diagnosis and testing procedures: a preliminary check fault code check → → Test → mechanical manual-shift hydraulic system test → test → test → check electronic control system and common cause failure analysis and troubleshooting. 1, according to the failure to analyze the phenomena, the failure to confirm the phenomenon. 2, if it is electronically controlled automatic transmission, and fault indicator light, read the first self-diagnostic fault codes, troubleshooting codes represent failure. 3, the conventional automatic transmission and engine inspection, the main items are: a. Check the oil level and oil quality. b. Check and adjust the accelerator cable and throttle position sensor. c. Check the gear selector lever with lever system. d. Check the neutral start switch and gear switch. e. Check the engine idling. f. Check the tire pressure and other relevant parts of the transmission system. 4, the stall test, check engine and automatic transmission technology state of the internal machinery. 5, manual-shift test; a fault in the electronic control automatic transmission or in the internal part. 6, the delay test, check the day move the transmission clutch, brake wear. 7, self-diagnostics and electronic control system components and circuit testing. 8, hydraulic test, check pump, regulator, governor oil pressure and oil pressure. 9, the road test, check the automatic shift points, whether abnormal noise, vibration, spin and the engine braking effect and so on. 10, the comprehensive test results, failure analysis and determine the cause and location. Note: 1, automatic transmission failure, engine, electrical control system and automatic transmission, and therefore should be recognized within the fault in the automatic transmission only after the demolition of its maintenance. Automotive repair and maintenance network 2, lifting or support vehicle, if only from the top automotive front or rear, must be plugged with a triangular wooden wheels. 3, dismantling the electrical components, you should remove the negative battery cable. After removing the negative battery cable may result in sound system, anti-theft system locked, and can lead to the disappearance of some system configuration parameters, and therefore must be prepared before a power outage on record. 4, replace fuse, the fuse must have a fairly new current strength, can not be used above or below the current value of the fuse; check electrical components should use the appropriate range digital multimeter, to avoid damage to parts. 5, broken down before the automatic transmission should be thoroughly cleaned of its external, internal parts to prevent dirt contamination. Because even small debris can also lead to automatic transmission hydraulic system failure. 6, automatic transmission disassembly, all parts should be put away in order to facilitate the loading complex. Valve assembly, especially when broken down, the valve spring should be put together. 7, the decomposition of the automatic transmission of the parts a thorough cleaning, the oil channel, hole blown through with compressed air, to ensure that is not blocked. Recommended to use automatic transmission oil or kerosene cleaning parts. After washing with dry way to dry. 8, the assembly before the assembly, carefully check all parts and assembly, find damaged parts should be replaced. If the assembly 9, a one-time non-reusable parts, such as cotter pins, seals and other components. 10, need to be replaced due to wear bushing, the supporting parts must be replaced together. 11, needle roller bearings and seat wear or damage should be replaced. 12, replacement of the clutch, brake friction films, the assembly must be placed before the automatic transmission oil immersion at least 15min. 13, all seals, rotating parts and sliding surfaces should be coated before assembly automatic transmission oil. 14 can be used to grease (butter) to small parts on a stick in the appropriate position for assembly. 15, all needle roller bearings with the seat should have the right location and installation directions. 16, the gasket or similar sealant can not be used on parts. 17, the parts, assembly by the assembly in reverse order of removal; screws should be tightened as specified. 18, all the disassembly process should make full use of special tools. 19, check the hoses and wire terminals, to ensure accurate and reliable connection.
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